Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33924199›Full record

ReviewMicromachines2021

Tethered and Untethered 3D Microactuators Fabricated by Two-Photon Polymerization: A Review.

Zhaoxin Lao, Neng Xia, Shijie Wang, Tiantian Xu, Xinyu Wu, Li Zhang

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Micromachines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Metareview: a survey of active matter reviews.The European physical journal. E, Soft matter · 2025
    Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. From Light to Structure: Photo Initiators for Radical Two-Photon Polymerization.Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2022
    Review
  8. Magnetic Soft Materials and Robots.Chemical reviews · 2022
    Review
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Zhaoxin LaoDepartment of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong 999077, China.ORCID 0000-0002-7673-0590
Neng XiaDepartment of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong 999077, China.
Shijie WangDepartment of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong 999077, China.ORCID 0000-0002-4760-0471
Tiantian XuGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Robotics and Intelligent System, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.
Xinyu WuGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Robotics and Intelligent System, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.
Li ZhangDepartment of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong 999077, China.ORCID 0000-0003-1152-8962

Funding

Croucher Foundation grant CAS20403HKSAR Innovation and Technology Commission MRP/036/18X, ITS/374/18FPHong Kong Scholar Program XJ2018035National Natural Science Foundation of China 51805509Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee JLFS/E-402/18
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Microactuators, which can transform external stimuli into mechanical motion at microscale, have attracted extensive attention because they can be used to construct microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and/or microrobots, resulting in extensive applications in a large number of fields such as noninvasive surgery, targeted delivery, and biomedical machines. In contrast to classical 2D MEMS devices, 3D microactuators provide a new platform for the research of stimuli-responsive functional devices. However, traditional planar processing techniques based on photolithography are inadequate in the construction of 3D microstructures. To solve this issue, researchers have proposed many strategies, among which 3D laser printing is becoming a prospective technique to create smart devices at the microscale because of its versatility, adjustability, and flexibility. Here, we review the recent progress in stimulus-responsive 3D microactuators fabricated with 3D laser printing depending on different stimuli. Then, an outlook of the design, fabrication, control, and applications of 3D laser-printed microactuators is propounded with the goal of providing a reference for related research.

Indexed as

3D microroboticmicroactuatorstwo-photon polymerization

Identifiers

PMID33924199
PMCPMC8074609

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.