ReviewBiomolecules2021
Treatment Options for Motor and Non-Motor Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease.
Review in Biomolecules, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06701318 (Ultrasound Shear Wave Elastography for Assessing Muscle Stiffness in Parkinson's Disease Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 136 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Ultrasound Shear Wave Elastography for Assessing Muscle Stiffness in Parkinson's Disease Patients
Who cites it
136 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Quality of life measures in Parkinson's disease: a systematic literature review of patient-reported outcomes measures (PROMs) and their psychometric properties.Journal of neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Comparative efficacy and safety of irreversible (rasagiline) and reversible (safinamide) monoamine oxidase inhibitors as add-on therapy for Parkinson's disease.Journal of neurology · 2025Pooled it
- The effects of nine types of exercise rehabilitation therapies on improving limb balance, cognitive and emotional function, and quality of life in elderly patients with Parkinson's disease: a network meta-analysis of 55 RCTs.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Risk factors and intervention of caregiver burden in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Cell-therapy for Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Fixed-Dose Tavapadon for Early Parkinson Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA neurology · 2026Trial
- Neuroinflammation and noradrenergic modulation with β2-adrenoceptors: Emerging therapeutic targets for Parkinson's diseases.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Carotid body dysfunction contributes to respiratory instability in Rett syndrome.Current biology : CB · 2026Article
- The irony of Parkinson's disease: Converging mechanisms of redox imbalance and ferroptosis.Redox biology · 2026Review
- Quality Evaluation Using the Mobile App Rating Scale for Speech Therapy in Parkinson Disease: Systematic Search and Evaluation.JMIR formative research · 2026Article
- Parkinson's Disease: Pathophysiology, Treatment Strategies, Wellness Approaches, and Obstacles/Paths Forward.NeuroSci · 2026Review
- Pathogenesis-Driven Drug Repurposing with a Self-Nanoemulsifying Delivery System for Parkinson's Disease.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Article
- From synaptic development to degeneration: a narrative review of small molecule strategies targeting alpha-synuclein in Parkinson's disease.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Review
- Can regulators have a role in facilitating the development of new medicines for Parkinson's disease?Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2026Review
- Article
- α-Synuclein-Targeted Immunotherapies in Parkinson's Disease: In Silico, In Vitro and Clinical Perspectives.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Stem Cell Therapy for Parkinson's Disease: A Mechanistically Distinct Role for Muse Cells.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
76 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) usually presents in older adults and typically has both motor and non-motor dysfunctions. PD is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder resulting from dopaminergic neuronal cell loss in the mid-brain substantia nigra pars compacta region. Outlined here is an integrative medicine and health strategy that highlights five treatment options for people with Parkinson's (PwP): rehabilitate, therapy, restorative, maintenance, and surgery. Rehabilitating begins following the diagnosis and throughout any additional treatment processes, especially vis-à-vis consulting with physical, occupational, and/or speech pathology therapist(s). Therapy uses daily administration of either the dopamine precursor levodopa (with carbidopa) or a dopamine agonist, compounds that preserve residual dopamine, and other specific motor/non-motor-related compounds. Restorative uses strenuous aerobic exercise programs that can be neuroprotective. Maintenance uses complementary and alternative medicine substances that potentially support and protect the brain microenvironment. Finally, surgery, including deep brain stimulation, is pursued when PwP fail to respond positively to other treatment options. There is currently no cure for PD. In conclusion, the best strategy for treating PD is to hope to slow disorder progression and strive to achieve stability with neuroprotection. The ultimate goal of any management program is to improve the quality-of-life for a person with Parkinson's disease.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.