ReviewDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Glucocorticoid Withdrawal-An Overview on When and How to Diagnose Adrenal Insufficiency in Clinical Practice.
Review in Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- European Society of Endocrinology and Endocrine Society Joint Clinical Guideline: Diagnosis and Therapy of Glucocorticoid-induced Adrenal Insufficiency.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Guideline
- Idiopathic isolated adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency: a systematic review of a heterogeneous and underreported disease.Pituitary · 2024Pooled it
- Invasive aspergillosis in autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases: epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis, management and challenges.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Diagnostic Value of Key Clinical Characteristics and Baseline Cortisol in Assessing Adrenal Function in Patients Receiving Glucocorticoid Therapy.Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies · 2026Article
- Real-World Treatment Patterns in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis Initiating Ruxolitinib Cream: A 12-Month Follow-Up Analysis of a US Payer Claims Database.ClinicoEconomics and outcomes research : CEOR · 2026Article
- Review
- Appropriate use of steroids for patients with generalized Myasthenia Gravis: an international Delphi study.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2025Article
- Inhaled corticosteroid increased the risk of adrenal insufficiency in patients with chronic airway diseases: a nationwide population-based study.Scientific reports · 2024Observational
- Unlocking Better Asthma Control: A Narrative Review of Adherence to Asthma Therapy and Innovative Monitoring Solutions.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Use of Glucocorticoids in SLE: A Clinical Approach.Mediterranean journal of rheumatology · 2024Review
- Management of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP): Results from a survey among allergists and clinical immunologists of the North-west and Center Italy Inter-Regional Sections of SIAAIC and otorhinolaryngologists of National IAR.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2024Article
- High Levels of C-Reactive Protein with Low Levels of Pentraxin 3 as Biomarkers for Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.Ophthalmology science · 2023Article
- Acute Onset of Mania and Psychosis in the Context of Long-COVID: A Case Study.Psychiatry research case reports · 2023Article
- Thyroid, Gonadal and Adrenal Dysfunction in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Review for the Clinician.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Treatment of Cushing's syndrome with osilodrostat: practical applications of recent studies with case examples.Pituitary · 2022Review
- Therapy With Intravenous Methylprednisolone Pulses Is Associated With Loss of Bone Microarchitecture in Trabecular Bone Score -Assessment Among Patients With Moderate-to-Severe Graves' Orbitopathy: A Pilot Study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Cortisol in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: A Double-Edged Sword.International journal of dentistry · 2021Review
- The Glucocorticoid Taper: A Primer for the Clinicians.Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolismReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used due to their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. As many as 1-3% of the population are currently on GC treatment. Prolonged therapy with GCs is associated with an increased risk of GC-induced adrenal insufficiency (AI). AI is a rare and often underdiagnosed clinical condition characterized by deficient GC production by the adrenal cortex. AI can be life-threatening; therefore, it is essential to know how to diagnose and treat this disorder. Not only oral but also inhalation, topical, nasal, intra-articular and intravenous administration of GCs may lead to adrenal suppression. Moreover, recent studies have proven that short-term (<4 weeks), as well as low-dose (<5 mg prednisone equivalent per day) GC treatment can also suppress the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Chronic therapy with GCs is the most common cause of AI. GC-induced AI remains challenging for clinicians in everyday patient care. Properly conducted GC withdrawal is crucial in preventing GC-induced AI; however, adrenal suppression may occur despite following recommended GC tapering regimens. A suspicion of GC-induced AI requires careful diagnostic workup and prompt introduction of a GC replacement treatment. The present review provides a summary of current knowledge on the management of GC-induced AI, including diagnostic methods, treatment schedules, and GC withdrawal regimens in adults.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.