ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Lymphopenia, Lymphopenia-Induced Proliferation, and Autoimmunity.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk of secondary autoimmune diseases with alemtuzumab treatment for multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Systemic inflammatory markers predict mortality in autoimmune thyroiditis: threshold-driven risk stratification and prognostic insights from a nationwide cohort.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2026Article
- Association of prognostic nutritional index with the risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes-related foot ulcers: a non-linear relationship mediated by eGFR.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Pathological Proliferation of CD4Infection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- Neonatal and pediatric thymic grafts generate similar human T-cell chimerism in humanized mice.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Association between prognostic nutritional index and major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with atrial fibrillation combined with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- A characterisation of the immune cells in immunocompetent and immunodeficient mice with orthotopic brain tumors.Clinical & translational immunology · 2026Article
- Spontaneous organ-specific eye autoimmune disease resulting from two engineered gene mutations compromising immune tolerance.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Baseline platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio is associated with severe immune effector cell-associated toxicities in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients receiving anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- A novel nomogram based on HALP score for predicting time to glycemic stability in hospitalized type 2 diabetes patients.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Association Between Systemic Inflammation Indices and Recurrence Risk in Primary Budd-Chiari Syndrome.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- Uncovering prognostic biomarkers through a pharmacovigilance study: the case of RDW.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Article
- Development of a prognostic model for in-hospital mortality in idiopathic membranous nephropathy patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia based on persistent lymphopenia.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Pan-Immune-Inflammation Value as a Predictor of Long-Term Outcomes in Patients with Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder: A Pilot Study.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Article
- Exploring the Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio for Risk Stratification in Heart Failure: A Systematic Review.Cureus · 2025Review
- Development and validation of a nomogram model for predicting infection after radical resection of gastric cancer.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- A critical role of NNature immunology · 2025Article
- Ultrasound-assisted enzyme extraction of Dendrobium Officinale polysaccharides: Extraction process, characterization, immunomodulatory effects.Ultrasonics sonochemistry · 2025Article
- Prognostic nutritional index as a potential predictor of prognosis in patients with sepsis: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Case report of secondary T-cell deficiency following the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Immune homeostasis is a tightly regulated system that is critical for defense against invasion by foreign pathogens and protection from self-reactivity for the survival of an individual. How the defects in this system might result in autoimmunity is discussed in this review. Reduced lymphocyte number, termed lymphopenia, can mediate lymphopenia-induced proliferation (LIP) to maintain peripheral lymphocyte numbers. LIP not only occurs in normal physiological conditions but also correlates with autoimmunity. Of note, lymphopenia is also a typical marker of immune aging, consistent with the fact that not only the autoimmunity increases in the elderly, but also autoimmune diseases (ADs) show characteristics of immune aging. Here, we discuss the types and rates of LIP in normal and autoimmune conditions, as well as the coronavirus disease 2019 in the context of LIP. Importantly, although the causative role of LIP has been demonstrated in the development of type 1 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis, a two-hit model has suggested that the factors other than lymphopenia are required to mediate the loss of control over homeostasis to result in ADs. Interestingly, these factors may be, if not totally, related to the function/number of regulatory T cells which are key modulators to protect from self-reactivity. In this review, we summarize the important roles of lymphopenia/LIP and the Treg cells in various autoimmune conditions, thereby highlighting them as key therapeutic targets for autoimmunity treatments.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.