ArticlePharmaceutics2021
Efficacy and Safety of Azelaic Acid Nanocrystal-Loaded In Situ Hydrogel in the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hydrogels for acne treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2026Pooled it
- Milling-Induced Chitosan-HPMC Microstructural Organisation Determines the Stability Window of Concentrated Azelaic Acid Nanosuspensions.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Advanced azelaic acid hyalubilosome-loaded microneedles for potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial for Acne treatment by up-regulation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Article
- Thermoresponsive Sol-Gel System Incorporating Oleuropein-Rich Olive Leaf Extract for Enhanced Wound Healing and Antibiofilm Activity.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A Novel Bioactive Emulgel withGels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A Natural Antioxidant-Rich Hydrogel Formulation withGels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A Bioactive Emulgel Formulation ofGels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Formulation and Characterization of Carbopol-Based Porphyrin Gels for Targeted Dermato-Oncological Therapy: Physicochemical and Pharmacotechnical Insights.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Characterisation and Stabilisation Mechanisms of Azelaic Acid Nanosuspensions: Insights from a Dual Stabiliser System.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Strategies to Enhance Nanocrystal Formulations for Overcoming Physiological Barriers Across Diverse Routes of Administration.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Advances in polymeric nano-delivery systems targeting hair follicles for the treatment of acne.Drug delivery · 2024Review
- Functional Nanostructured Lipid Carrier-Enriched Hydrogels Tailored to Repair Damaged Epidermal Barrier.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Progress in Topical and Transdermal Drug Delivery Research-Focus on Nanoformulations.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Exploring Acne Treatments: From Pathophysiological Mechanisms to Emerging Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- New Insights into Pharmaceutical Nanocrystals for the Improved Topical Delivery of Therapeutics in Various Skin Disorders.Current pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2024Review
- Azelaic Acid: Mechanisms of Action and Clinical Applications.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2024Review
- Hair Follicle-Targeted Delivery of Azelaic Acid Micro/Nanocrystals Promote the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Article
- Acne vulgaris: A review of the pathophysiology, treatment, and recent nanotechnology based advances.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2023Review
- Development of a Self-Assembled Hydrogels Based on Carboxymethyl Chitosan and Oxidized Hyaluronic Acid Containing Tanshinone Extract Nanocrystals for Enhanced Dissolution and Acne Treatment.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Dermatology: how to manage acne vulgaris.Drugs in context · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Acne vulgaris is a common, multifactorial, inflammatory skin disease affecting the pilosebaceous unit. Topical therapy is the first choice in the treatment of mild to moderate acne, and azelaic acid (AZA) is one of the most commonly used drugs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a low-dose azelaic acid nanocrystal (AZA-NC) hydrogel in the treatment of mild to moderate facial acne. The study was designed as a double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Patients were randomized to treatment with AZA-NC hydrogel, 10%, or AZA cream, 20%, administered in quantities of approximately 1 g twice daily for 8 weeks. Efficacy of therapy was measured by the number of lesions and safety by the frequency and severity of adverse events. At week 8, the success rate of treatment with AZA-NC hydrogel, 10%, was 36.51% (
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.