Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33923716›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2021

A New Type of Wireless Transmission Based on Digital Direct Modulation for Use in Partially Implantable Hearing Aids.

Jong-Hoon Kim, Jin-Ho Cho, Ki-Woong Seong, Myoung-Nam Kim

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
0.2field-weighted citation impact, top 51% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Jong-Hoon KimInstitute of Biomedical Engineering Research, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Korea.ORCID 0000-0001-7098-3506
Jin-Ho ChoInstitute of Biomedical Engineering Research, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Korea.
Ki-Woong SeongDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-6714-1751
Myoung-Nam KimDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Korea.
Kyungpook National University · KRKyungpook National University Hospital · KR

Funding

Korea Health Industry Development Institute HI18C1892National Research Foundation of Korea NRF-2017M3A9E2065284National Research Foundation of Korea NRF-2020R1I1A1A01055098
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In this study, we developed a new type of wireless transmission system for use in partially implantable hearing aids. This system was designed for miniaturization and low distortion, and features direct digital modulation. The sigma-delta output, which has a high SNR due to oversampling and noise shaping technology, is used as the data signal and is transmitted using a wireless transmission system to the implant unit through OOK without restoration as an audio signal, thus eliminating the need for additional circuits (i.e., LPF and a reference voltage supply circuit) and improving the ease of implantation and reliability of the circuit. We selected a carrier frequency of 27 MHz after analysis of carrier attenuation by human tissue, and designed the communication coil with reference to both the geometry and required communication distance. Circuit design and simulation for wireless transmission were performed using Multisim 13.0. The system was fabricated based on the circuit design; the size of the device board was 13 mm × 13 mm, the size of the implanted part was 9 mm × 9 mm, the diameter of the transmitting/receiving coil was 26 mm, and the thicknesses of these coils were 0.5 and 0.3 mm, respectively. The difference (error) between the detected and simulation waveforms was about 5%, and was thought to be due to the tolerances of the fabricated communication coil and elements (resistors, capacitors, etc.) used in the circuit configuration of the system. The number of windings was reduced more than 9-fold compared to the communication coil described by Taghavi et al. The measured THD was <1% in the frequency band from 100 Hz to 10 kHz, thus easily meeting the standard specification for hearing aids.

Indexed as

Hearing AidsEquipment DesignHumansMiniaturizationProstheses and ImplantsReproducibility of ResultsWireless Technologyinductive couplinglow distortionpartially implantable hearing aidssigma-delta modulationwireless transmission system

Identifiers

PMID33923716
PMCPMC8073110
OpenAlexW3153527297

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.