ReviewSports (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Risk Factors, Diagnosis and Management of Bone Stress Injuries in Adolescent Athletes: A Narrative Review.
Review in Sports (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05167162 (Efficacy of the Most Commonly Used Physiotherapeutic Treatments for Acute Lower Limb Fatigue in Athletes), which is not on this map. Cited by 29 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Efficacy of the Most Commonly Used Physiotherapeutic Treatments for Acute Lower Limb Fatigue in Athletes
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Key Factors Impacting Performance Health During Growth and Maturation in Adolescent Competitive Aesthetic and Acrobatic Athletes: A Systematic Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Pooled it
- 2025 Update to the Female Athlete Triad Coalition Consensus Statement Part 2: Clinical Guidelines for Screening, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Return to Play for Adolescents and Adults.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Guideline
- Lean and fat mass associations with areal bone mineral density in adolescent team sport athletes.Journal of bone and mineral metabolism · 2026Article
- Peak bone mass development in U.S. females with varied physical activity patterns: a longitudinal view using three maturational clocks.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026Article
- Bone stress fractures and injuries of the upper limb in athletes.International orthopaedics · 2026Review
- Article
- Effects of Body Weight Unloading and Treadmill Belt Surface on Tibial Acceleration-Based Loading Indicators During Running on a Microgravity Treadmill.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Stress Fracture in Athletes: A Practical Approach.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Proposed Modified Bone Stress Injury Classification Score.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2026Article
- A Probabilistic Method to Model Progressive Metatarsal Displacement and Stiffness During Fatigue Testing.Journal of biomechanical engineering · 2026Article
- Injury epidemiology, patterns, and risk factors in youth and adolescent badminton players: a PRISMA-ScR-guided scoping review.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Review
- The Natural History of Bone Stress Injuries in Athletes: From Inception to Resolution.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Review
- Diagnostic Pitfalls: Anterior Tibial Stress Fracture in a Professional Football Player - A Case Report.Journal of orthopaedic case reports · 2025Article
- Effects of Resistance Training Experience on Bone Mineral Density and Stress Fractures in Female College Athletes: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Characteristics of Plantar Pressure Distribution During Running and Musculoskeletal Factors Associated With Jones Fracture in Young Female Soccer Players: A Prospective Study.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2025Article
- Differences in bone turnover markers and injury risks between local and international horses: A Victorian Spring Racing Carnival study.Equine veterinary journal · 2025Article
- Criteria and Guidelines for Returning to Running Following a Tibial Bone Stress Injury: A Scoping Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Article
- Prevalence of reducing carbohydrate intake and fasted training in elite endurance athletes and association with bone injury.European journal of sport science · 2024Article
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Patterns of Common Injuries in Pediatric and Adolescent Athletes.HSS journal : the musculoskeletal journal of Hospital for Special Surgery · 2024Article
- Atraumatic Limping Child, a Challenge for Pediatricians: An Observational Age-Related Study in a Pediatric Emergency Department.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Physical activity is known to be beneficial for bone; however, some athletes who train intensely are at risk of bone stress injury (BSI). Incidence in adolescent athlete populations is between 3.9 and 19% with recurrence rates as high as 21%. Participation in physical training can be highly skeletally demanding, particularly during periods of rapid growth in adolescence, and when competition and training demands are heaviest. Sports involving running and jumping are associated with a higher incidence of BSI and some athletes appear to be more susceptible than others. Maintaining a very lean physique in aesthetic sports (gymnastics, figure skating and ballet) or a prolonged negative energy balance in extreme endurance events (long distance running and triathlon) may compound the risk of BSI with repetitive mechanical loading of bone, due to the additional negative effects of hormonal disturbances. The following review presents a summary of the epidemiology of BSI in the adolescent athlete, risk factors for BSI (physical and behavioural characteristics, energy balance and hormone disruption, growth velocity, sport-specific risk, training load, etc.), prevention and management strategies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.