ReviewBiomedicines2021
Anti-Atherosclerotic Potential of Free Fatty Acid Receptor 4 (FFAR4).
Review in Biomedicines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Foods as Modulators of GLP-1 Secretion.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Inflammation in atherosclerosis: Drivers, mechanisms and therapies.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Pharmacological Treatment of MASLD: Contemporary Treatment and Future Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- FFAR4 Deficiency Increases Necrotic Cores in Advanced Lesions of ApoEArteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2025Article
- Effect of plasma free fatty acids on lung function in male COPD patients.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Influence of the FFAR4 Agonist TUG-891 on Liver Steatosis in ApoE-Knockout Mice.Cardiovascular drugs and therapy · 2024Article
- Free Fatty Acids and Free Fatty Acid Receptors: Role in Regulating Arterial Function.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- G Protein-Coupled Receptor 40 Agonist LY2922470 Alleviates Ischemic-Stroke-Induced Acute Brain Injury and Functional Alterations in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Medium-chain fatty acids modify macrophage expression of metabolic and inflammatory genes in a PPAR β/δ-dependent manner.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Lipid-Sensing Receptor FFAR4 Modulates Pulmonary Epithelial Homeostasis following Immunogenic Exposures Independently of the FFAR4 Ligand Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA).International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Omega-3 fatty acids coordinate glucose and lipid metabolism in diabetic patients.Lipids in health and disease · 2022Article
- Article
- Lipids and Lipoproteins in Health and Disease.Biomedicines · 2021Article
- Review
- The Anti-Atherosclerotic Action of FFAR4 Agonist TUG-891 in ApoE-Knockout Mice Is Associated with Increased Macrophage Polarization towards M2 Phenotype.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs) are considered not only as a basic nutrient, but are also recognized as signaling molecules acting on various types of receptors. The receptors activated by FAs include the family of rhodopsin-like receptors: GPR40 (FFAR1), GPR41 (FFAR3), GPR43 (FFAR2), GPR120 (FFAR4), and several other, less characterized G-protein coupled receptors (GPR84, GPR109A, GPR170, GPR31, GPR132, GPR119, and Olfr78). The ubiquitously distributed FFAR4 can be activated by saturated and unsaturated medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFAs and LCFAs), as well as by several synthetic agonists (e.g., TUG-891). The stimulation of FFAR4 using selective synthetic agonists proved to be promising strategy of reduction of inflammatory reactions in various tissues. In this paper, we summarize the evidence showing the mechanisms of the potential beneficial effects of FFAR4 stimulation in atherosclerosis. Based partly on our own results, we also suggest that an important mechanism of such activity may be the modulatory influence of FFAR4 on the phenotype of macrophage involved in atherogenesis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.