Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33922241›Full record

ArticleNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2021

A Hyaluronic Acid Functionalized Self-Nano-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) for Enhancement in Ciprofloxacin Targeted Delivery against Intracellular Infection.

Rabia Arshad, Tanveer A Tabish, Maria Hassan Kiani, Ibrahim M Ibrahim, Gul Shahnaz, Abbas Rahdar, Misook Kang, Sadanand Pandey

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Rabia ArshadDepartment of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0001-7654-3456
Tanveer A TabishUCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E6DD, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-5602-056X
Maria Hassan KianiDepartment of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
Ibrahim M IbrahimDepartment of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0001-5280-9555
Gul ShahnazDepartment of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
Abbas RahdarDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Zabol 538-98615, Iran.ORCID 0000-0003-4766-9214
Misook KangDepartment of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongbuk, Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-7199-9881
Sadanand PandeyDepartment of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongbuk, Korea.ORCID 0000-0003-2065-897X

Funding

National Research Foundation of Korea 2019R1A5A8080290
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ciprofloxacin (CIP), a potent anti-bacterial agent of the fluroquinolone family, shows poor solubility and permeability, thus leading to the development of intracellular pathogens induced multi-drug resistance and biofilms formation. To synergistically improve the biopharmaceutical parameters of CIP, a hyaluronic acid (FDA approved biocompatible polymer) functionalized self-nano emulsifying drug delivery system (HA-CIP-SNEDDS) was designed in the present study. SNEDDS formulations were tested via solubility, droplet size, zeta potential, a polydispersity index, thermodynamic stability, surface morphology, solid-state characterization, drug loading/release, cellular uptake, and biocompatibility. The final (HA-CIP-SNEDDS) formulation exhibited a mean droplet size of 50 nm with the 0.3 poly dispersity index and negative zeta potential (-11.4 mV). HA-based SNEDDS containing CIP showed an improved ability to permeate goat intestinal mucus. After 4 h, CIP-SNEDDS showed a 2-fold and HA-CIP-SNEDDS showed a 4-fold permeation enhancement as compared to the free CIP. Moreover, 80% drug release of HA-CIP-SNEDDS was demonstrated to be superior and sustained for 72 h in comparison to free CIP. However, anti-biofilm activity of HA-CIP-SNEDDS against

Indexed as

anti-bacterial activitybiofilms formationdrug deliverypharmacokinetics

Identifiers

PMID33922241
PMCPMC8146397

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.