ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
Impact of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Breast Milk on Postpartum Depression in Korean Mothers.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Network toxicology, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations for bisphenol A neurotoxicity in depression pathogenesis.PloS one · 2026Article
- Prevalence and factors influencing postpartum depression and its culture-specific cutoffs for women in Asia: a scoping review.Ewha medical journal · 2025Review
- Environmental health and women's health nursing.Women's health nursing (Seoul, Korea) · 2024Article
- Maternal Exposure to Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals: Analysis of Their Impact on Infant Gut Microbiota Composition.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Maternal Distress during Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period: Underlying Mechanisms and Child's Developmental Outcomes-A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Exposure to environmental chemicals and perinatal psychopathology.Biochemical pharmacology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Previous human and animal studies have reported an association between endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and anxiety/depression. This study aimed to determine how the concentrations of phthalate metabolites, bisphenol A, triclosan, and parabens in breast milk are associated with the risk of developing postpartum depression (PPD) in Korean mothers. We recruited 221 mothers who were receiving lactation coaching at breastfeeding clinics between July and September 2018. The breast milk samples were collected along with responses to the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. The multivariable logistic regression results revealed that the phthalate, bisphenol A, parabens, and triclosan levels in the breast milk were not significantly associated with the risk of PPD. This study was the first attempt to analyze the association between the levels of EDCs in breast milk and the risk of PPD. Considering that PPD is a condition that affects not only the women diagnosed with it, but also their children and families, the results of this study may have great relevance to populations in environmentally sensitive periods.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.