Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33922011›Full record

ArticleMicroorganisms2021

Bugs That Can Resist Antibiotics but Not Men: Gender-Specific Differences in Notified Infections and Colonisations in Germany, 2010-2019.

Michael Brandl, Alexandra Hoffmann, Niklas Willrich, Annicka Reuss, Felix Reichert, Jan Walter, Tim Eckmanns, Sebastian Haller

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Microorganisms, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Exploring multidrug resistance patterns in community-acquiredAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025
    Article
  2. Socioeconomic position and urban environments as drivers of antimicrobial resistance? An ecological study in Germany, 2010 to 2019.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025
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  11. Multidrug Resistance ofOpen forum infectious diseases · 2023
    Article
  12. Associated deaths and disability-adjusted life-years caused by infections with antibiotic-resistant bacteria in Switzerland, 2010 to 2019.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Michael BrandlPostgraduate Training for Applied Epidemiology, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, 10113 Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-2820-5019
Alexandra HoffmannUnit for Healthcare-Associated Infections, Surveillance of Antibiotic Resistance and Consumption, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, 10113 Berlin, Germany.
Niklas WillrichUnit for Healthcare-Associated Infections, Surveillance of Antibiotic Resistance and Consumption, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, 10113 Berlin, Germany.
Annicka ReussUnit for Healthcare-Associated Infections, Surveillance of Antibiotic Resistance and Consumption, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, 10113 Berlin, Germany.
Felix ReichertPostgraduate Training for Applied Epidemiology, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, 10113 Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-3205-3513
Jan WalterPostgraduate Training for Applied Epidemiology, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, 10113 Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-2247-5560
Tim EckmannsUnit for Healthcare-Associated Infections, Surveillance of Antibiotic Resistance and Consumption, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, 10113 Berlin, Germany.
Sebastian HallerUnit for Healthcare-Associated Infections, Surveillance of Antibiotic Resistance and Consumption, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, 10113 Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-8242-711X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Data from surveillance networks show that men have a higher incidence rate of infections with anti-microbial-resistant (AMR) pathogens than women. We systematically analysed data of infections and colonisations with AMR pathogens under mandatory surveillance in Germany to quantify gender-specific differences. We calculated incidence-rates (IR) per 100,000 person-years for invasive infections with Methicillin-resistant

Indexed as

antimicrobial resistancecarbapenem-non-susceptible Acinetobactercarbapenem-non-susceptible Enterobacteralesgender distributionmethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Identifiers

PMID33922011
PMCPMC8143559

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.