Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33920999›Full record

ArticleVaccines2021

A Simplified SARS-CoV-2 Pseudovirus Neutralization Assay.

Gaetano Donofrio, Valentina Franceschi, Francesca Macchi, Luca Russo, Anna Rocci, Valentina Marchica, Federica Costa, Nicola Giuliani, Carlo Ferrari, Gabriele Missale

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Vaccines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed
2.7field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Dry powder formulations of hyperimmune serum.Drug delivery and translational research · 2025
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Binding affinity between coronavirus spike protein and human ACE2 receptor.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2024
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Natural products as a source of Coronavirus entry inhibitors.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Protein expression/secretion boost by a novel unique 21-mer cis-regulatory motif (Exin21) via mRNA stabilization.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2023
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Observational
  15. Article
  16. Evaluation of S- and M-Proteins Expressed inPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Gaetano DonofrioDepartment of Medical-Veterinary Science, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
Valentina FranceschiDepartment of Medical-Veterinary Science, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-3945-2285
Francesca MacchiDepartment of Medical-Veterinary Science, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
Luca RussoDepartment of Medical-Veterinary Science, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
Anna RocciUnit of Angiology and Internal Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
Valentina MarchicaDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-8536-5409
Federica CostaDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-1742-9212
Nicola GiulianiDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-3457-3774
Carlo FerrariDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
Gabriele MissaleDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
University of Parma · ITOspedale di Parma · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

COVID-19 is an ongoing pandemic caused by the highly infectious coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 that is engaging worldwide scientific research to find a timely and effective eradication strategy. Great efforts have been put into anti-COVID-19 vaccine generation in an effort to protect the world population and block SARS-CoV-2 spread. To validate the protective efficacy of the vaccination campaign and effectively control the pandemic, it is necessary to quantify the induction of neutralizing antibodies by vaccination, as they have been established to be a correlate of protection. In this work, a SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus neutralization assay, based on a replication-incompetent lentivirus expressing an adapted form of CoV-2 S protein and an ACE2/TMPRSS2 stably expressing cell line, has been minimized in terms of protocol steps without loss of accuracy. The goal of the present simplified neutralization system is to improve SARS-CoV-2 vaccination campaign by means of an easy and accessible approach to be performed in any medical laboratory, maintaining the sensitivity and quantitative reliability of classical serum neutralization assays. Further, this assay can be easily adapted to different coronavirus variants by simply modifying the pseudotyping vector.

Indexed as

COVID-19neutralization assayneutralizing antibodypseudovirusSARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID33920999
PMCPMC8071407
OpenAlexW3137901781

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.