ReviewCells2021
Antiretroviral Drugs Impact Autophagy with Toxic Outcomes.
Review in Cells, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ultrasound-triggered platelet vehicles loading fluorescein for targeted sonodynamic therapy of glioblastoma.Drug delivery · 2026Article
- Dynamic Organelle Remodeling in HIV-Associated Myocardial Disease: Mechanisms, Fibrotic Pathways, and Therapeutic Opportunities.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Article
- Cartilage-protective effects of lopinavir/ritonavir: in vitro and in silico exploration of the HIF-1α/SOX9/IL-1β pathway.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Article
- Metabolism-associated protein network constructing and host-directed anti-influenza drug repurposing.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2025Article
- CD14+CD16+ monocyte transmigration across the blood-brain barrier is associated with HIV-NCI despite viral suppression.JCI insight · 2024Article
- Antiretroviral Drugs Impact Autophagy: Opportunities for Drug Repurposing.Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition) · 2024Review
- Microglia Autophagy Mediated by TMEM166 Promotes Ischemic Stroke Secondary to Carotid Artery Stenosis.Aging and disease · 2024Article
- The role of autophagy in the progression of HIV infected cardiomyopathy.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Review
- HIV Infection: Shaping the Complex, Dynamic, and Interconnected Network of the Cytoskeleton.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Harnessing Autophagy to Overcome Antigen-Specific T-Cell Dysfunction: Implication for People Living with HIV-1.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Article
- Antiretrovirals Promote Insulin Resistance in HepG2 Liver Cells through miRNA Regulation and Transcriptional Activation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- An EpigeneticInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Article
- Morphine disrupts macrophage functions even during HIV infection.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2022Article
- Methamphetamine Dysregulates Macrophage Functions and Autophagy to Mediate HIV Neuropathogenesis.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Autophagy in Virus Infection: A Race between Host Immune Response and Viral Antagonism.Immuno · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Antiretroviral drugs have dramatically improved the morbidity and mortality of people living with HIV (PLWH). While current antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens are generally well-tolerated, risks for side effects and toxicity remain as PLWH must take life-long medications. Antiretroviral drugs impact autophagy, an intracellular proteolytic process that eliminates debris and foreign material, provides nutrients for metabolism, and performs quality control to maintain cell homeostasis. Toxicity and adverse events associated with antiretrovirals may be due, in part, to their impacts on autophagy. A more complete understanding of the effects on autophagy is essential for developing antiretroviral drugs with decreased off target effects, meaning those unrelated to viral suppression, to minimize toxicity for PLWH. This review summarizes the findings and highlights the gaps in our knowledge of the impacts of antiretroviral drugs on autophagy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.