ArticleCancers2021
Autofluorescence Imaging of Treatment Response in Neuroendocrine Tumor Organoids.
Article in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasm organoids reveal the potential therapeutic value of targeting BRAF mutations.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
- Organoids in Precision Radiotherapy: Methodological Foundations, Tumor-Specific Evidence, and Translational Roadmaps.Cancer medicine · 2026Review
- Divergent role of CD8 T cells with distinct metabolic phenotypes during curative radio-immunotherapy in hot versus cold tumors.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The metastatic spectrum in functional and non-functional NENs: mechanistic insights from multi-omics.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Techniques-A Review on Principles, Applications and Clinical Relevance.Journal of biophotonics · 2025Review
- Wide-Field Optical Redox Imaging with Leading-Edge Detection Enables Assessment of Treatment Response and Heterogeneity in Patient-Derived Cancer Organoids.Cancer research · 2025Article
- Review
- Radiation exposure and protection advice after [EJNMMI research · 2024Article
- The Use of Patient-Derived Organoids in the Study of Molecular Metabolic Adaptation in Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Insights into metabolic heterogeneity of colorectal cancer gained from fluorescence lifetime imaging.eLife · 2024Article
- Micro blood analysis technology (μBAT): multiplexed analysis of neutrophil phenotype and function from microliter whole blood samples.Lab on a chip · 2024Article
- Metabolic changes inmBio · 2024Article
- Cancer organoids: A platform in basic and translational research.Genes & diseases · 2024Review
- NET Models Meeting 2024 white paper: the current state of neuroendocrine tumour research models and our future aspirations.Endocrine oncology (Bristol, England) · 2024Review
- Probing organoid metabolism using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM): The next frontier of drug discovery and disease understanding.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2023Review
- Metabolic changes to host cells withbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Carcinoid Syndrome: Preclinical Models and Future Therapeutic Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Fluorescence microscopy imaging of mitochondrial metabolism in cancer cells.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Mini-organs with big impact: Organoids in liver cancer studies.Oncology research · 2023Review
- Single cell metabolic imaging of tumor and immune cellsFrontiers in oncology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NET) account for roughly 60% of all neuroendocrine tumors. Low/intermediate grade human GEP-NETs have relatively low proliferation rates that animal models and cell lines fail to recapitulate. Short-term patient-derived cancer organoids (PDCOs) are a 3D model system that holds great promise for recapitulating well-differentiated human GEP-NETs. However, traditional measurements of drug response (i.e., growth, proliferation) are not effective in GEP-NET PDCOs due to the small volume of tissue and low proliferation rates that are characteristic of the disease. Here, we test a label-free, non-destructive optical metabolic imaging (OMI) method to measure drug response in live GEP-NET PDCOs. OMI captures the fluorescence lifetime and intensity of endogenous metabolic cofactors NAD(P)H and FAD. OMI has previously provided accurate predictions of drug response on a single cell level in other cancer types, but this is the first study to apply OMI to GEP-NETs. OMI tested the response to novel drug combination on GEP-NET PDCOs, specifically ABT263 (navitoclax), a Bcl-2 family inhibitor, and everolimus, a standard GEP-NET treatment that inhibits mTOR. Treatment response to ABT263, everolimus, and the combination were tested in GEP-NET PDCO lines derived from seven patients, using two-photon OMI. OMI measured a response to the combination treatment in 5 PDCO lines, at 72 h post-treatment. In one of the non-responsive PDCO lines, heterogeneous response was identified with two distinct subpopulations of cell metabolism. Overall, this work shows that OMI provides single-cell metabolic measurements of drug response in PDCOs to guide drug development for GEP-NET patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.