ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2021
Management of Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators during Pregnancy-A Systematic Review.
Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Maternal complete heart block in pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2026Review
- Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators in Pregnant Individuals: Perinatal Management and Outcomes.JACC. Case reports · 2026Article
- Sailing Across Contraception, Pregnancy, and Breastfeeding: The Complex Journey of Women with Cardiomyopathies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Outcomes of pregnancy-related hospitalizations in women with pacemakers and defibrillators.Heart rhythm O2 · 2025Article
- Review
- Usage of the wearable cardioverter-defibrillator during pregnancy.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2022Article
- Pregnancy and Delivery in a 27-Year-Old ICD Carrier.Maedica · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWith the advent of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) technology in recent decades, patients with inherited or congenital cardiomyopathy have a greater chance of survival into adulthood. Women with ICDs in this group are now more likely to reach reproductive age. However, pregnancy represents a challenge for clinicians, as no guidelines for the treatment of pregnant women with an ICD are currently available.
methodsTo analyze this issue, we performed a systematic screening of the literature using the keywords: pregnancy with ICD, lead fracture in pregnancy, lead thrombi in pregnancy, ventricular tachycardia in pregnancy, inappropriate shocks in pregnancy, ICD discharge in pregnancy and ICD shock in pregnancy. Of 1101 publications found, 27 publications were eligible for further analysis (four retrospective trials and 23 case reports).
resultsAccording to physiological changes in pregnancy, resulting in an increase in heart rate and cardiac output, a vulnerability for malignant arrhythmias and device-related complications in ICD carriers might be suspected. While the literature is limited on this issue, maternal complications including arrhythmia burden with following ICD therapies, thromboembolic events and lead complications as well as inappropriate shock therapy have been reported. According to the limited available studies, associated risk seems not to be more frequent than in the general population and depends on the underlying cardiac pathology. Furthermore, worsening of heart failure and related cardiovascular disease have been reported with associated risk of preterm delivery. These observations are exaggerated by restricted applications of diagnostics and treatment due to the risk of fetal harm in this population.
conclusionsDue to limited data on management of ICDs during pregnancy, further scientific investigations are required. Consequently, careful risk assessment with individual risk evaluation and close follow ups with interdisciplinary treatment are recommended in pregnant ICD carriers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.