ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2021
The Effect of Crystalline Waterproofing Admixtures on the Self-Healing and Permeability of Concrete.
Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Influence of Different Mixing Methods for Cementitious Capillary Crystalline Waterproofing Materials on the Self-Healing Capacity of Concrete Under Various Damage Types.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Autonomous Self-Healing Methods as a Potential Technique for the Improvement of Concrete's Durability.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Analysis of the Influence of Crystalline Admixtures at Early Age Performance of Cement-Based Mortar by Electrical Resistance Monitoring.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This paper investigates the effectiveness of a specific crystalline waterproofing admixture (CWA) in concrete as a function of a water-binder ratio. Four concrete mixes with and without CWA were prepared; two of them with a water-binder ratio of 0.45 and two of them with a water-binder ratio of 0.55. Water permeability and compressive strength were tested on hardened concrete specimens and self-healing of cracks over time was observed. Cement paste and CWA paste were prepared to clarify the results obtained on the concrete specimens. SEM and EDS and XRD and FTIR were performed on the hardened pastes to explain the mechanism of CWA working. The results show that the addition of CWA had no significant effect on the compressive strength of the concrete, but reduced the water penetration depth in the concrete, and the reduction was more effective for mixes with lower water-binder ratio. Regarding the self-healing effect, it can be concluded that the addition of CWA improves the crack healing in concrete, but the efficiency of self-healing is highly dependent on the initial crack width. The mechanisms involved in the reduction of water penetration depth and crack healing in concrete can be explained by different mechanisms; one is creation of the CSH gel from unreacted clinker grains, then formation carbonate, and additional mechanism is gel formation (highly expansive Mg-rich hydro-carbonate) from magnesium based additives. The presence of sodium silicate, which would transform into carbonate/bicarbonate, also cannot be excluded.
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