Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33918419›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021

Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting among Somali Women in the U.S. State of Arizona: Evidence of Treatment Access, Health Service Use and Care Experiences.

Georgia Michlig, Nicole Warren, Merry Berhe, Crista Johnson-Agbakwu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Georgia MichligInternational Health Department, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3143-9003
Nicole WarrenJohns Hopkins School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Merry BerheUniversity of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
Crista Johnson-AgbakwuUniversity of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1408-6453

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFemale genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) is associated with adverse sexual, reproductive and psychological sequelae. The aim of this study was to quantitatively explore factors related to satisfaction with FGM/C-related care in the US focusing on access to care, health service utilization, and women's experiences.

methodsA community-based survey of 879 Ethnic Somali and Somali Bantu women using snowball sampling was conducted in Arizona. Bivariate, multivariable and ordered logistics analyses assessed the relationship between the aforementioned factors measured along six dimensions: non-discrimination, physical, economic, informational, health system accessibility and individual-level health service use factors.

findingsMost participants possessed FGM/C (77.4%), namely Type III (40.2%). FGM/C related health service use was low (14.3%). Perceived discrimination was associated with reduced satisfaction in care (OR = 0.22; CI 0.13-0.37). For FGM/C-specific variables, only recollection of adverse physical or psychological events at the time of circumcision predicted service use (OR = 3.09; CI 1.67-5.68). Somali Bantu (OR = 0.10; CI 0.02-0.44) and highly acculturated women (OR = 0.39; CI 0.17-0.86) had lower odds of service use.

conclusionsAchieving respectful care and outreach to women affected by FGM/C has contextual complexity. However, the clinical implications and insights provided may have broader impacts on advancing health equity for FGM/C-affected women.

Indexed as

Circumcision, FemaleArizonaFemaleHealth ServicesHumansSexual BehaviorSomaliaaccess to carefemale genital cuttingfemale genital mutilationhealth service usequality of caresatisfaction in care

Identifiers

PMID33918419
PMCPMC8038251

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.