ArticleMembranes2021
Mode of Death after Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.
Article in Membranes, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- [Experiences from SARS-CoV-2 pandemic at UKSH Lübeck].Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin · 2026Article
- [Special aspects of patients with va-ECMO on the way to organ donation].Die Anaesthesiologie · 2025Review
- Early Albumin Administration in Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.Artificial organs · 2025Observational
- Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in 2023.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2023Review
- Benefits, key protocol components, and considerations for successful implementation of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a review of the recent literature.Clinical and experimental emergency medicine · 2023Article
- Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (eCPR) and cerebral perfusion: A narrative review.Resuscitation · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionExtracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) might be a lifesaving therapy for patients with cardiac arrest and no return of spontaneous circulation during advanced life support. However, even with ECPR, mortality of these severely sick patients is high. Little is known on the exact mode of death in these patients.
methodsRetrospective registry analysis of all consecutive patients undergoing ECPR between May 2011 and May 2020 at a single center. Mode of death was judged by two researchers.
resultsA total of 274 ECPR cases were included (age 60.0 years, 47.1% shockable initial rhythm, median time-to-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) 53.8min, hospital survival 25.9%). The 71 survivors had shorter time-to-ECMO durations (46.0 ± 27.9 vs. 56.6 ± 28.8min, p < 0.01), lower initial lactate levels (7.9 ± 4.5 vs. 11.6 ± 8.4 mg/dL, p < 0.01), higher PREDICT-6h (41.7 ± 17.0% vs. 25.3 ± 19.0%, p < 0.01), and SAVE (0.4 ± 4.8 vs. -0.8 ± 4.4, p < 0.01) scores. Most common mode of death in 203 deceased patients was therapy resistant shock in 105/203 (51.7%) and anoxic brain injury in 69/203 (34.0%). Comparing patients deceased with shock to those with cerebral damage, patients with shock were significantly older (63.2 ± 11.5 vs. 54.3 ± 16.5 years, p < 0.01), more frequently resuscitated in-hospital (64.4% vs. 29.9%, p < 0.01) and had shorter time-to-ECMO durations (52.3 ± 26.8 vs. 69.3 ± 29.1min p < 0.01).
conclusionsMost patients after ECPR decease due to refractory shock. Older patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest might be prone to development of refractory shock. Only a minority die from cerebral damage. Research should focus on preventing post-CPR shock and treating the shock in these patients.
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