Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33917016›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2021

Study of the Distortion of the Indirect Angular Measurements of the Calcaneus Due to Perspective: In Vitro Testing.

Isidoro Espinosa-Moyano, María Reina-Bueno, Inmaculada C Palomo-Toucedo, José Rafael González-López, José Manuel Castillo-López, Gabriel Domínguez-Maldonado

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
0.1field-weighted citation impact, top 64% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Isidoro Espinosa-MoyanoDepartment of Podiatry, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Avice-na s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain.
María Reina-BuenoDepartment of Podiatry, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Avice-na s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-9316-8942
Inmaculada C Palomo-ToucedoDepartment of Podiatry, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Avice-na s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-9901-8937
José Rafael González-LópezDepartment of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Avenzoar nº6, 41009 Seville, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-8962-3540
José Manuel Castillo-LópezDepartment of Podiatry, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Avice-na s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain.
Gabriel Domínguez-MaldonadoDepartment of Podiatry, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Avice-na s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-8549-7703
Universidad de Sevilla · ES

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The study of the foot is relevant in kinematic analyses of gait. Images captured through a lens can be subjected to various aberrations or distortions that affect the measurements. An in vitro study was performed with a rearfoot simulator to compare the apparent degrees (photographed) with the real ones (placed in the simulator) in the plane of the rearfoot's orientation, according to variations in the capture angle in other planes of space (the sagittal plane and transverse plane-the latter determined by the foot progression angle). The following regression formula was calculated to correct the distortion of the image: real frontal plane = 0.045 + (1.014 × apparent frontal plane) - (0.018 × sagittal plane × foot progression angle). Considering the results of this study, and already knowing its angle in the transverse and sagittal planes, it is possible to determine the angle of a simulated calcaneus with respect to the ground in the frontal plane, in spite of distortions caused by perspective and the lack of perpendicularity, by applying the above regression formula. The results show that the angular measurements of a body segment made on frames can produce erroneous data due to the variation in the perspective from which the image is taken. This distortion must be considered when determining the real values of the measurements.

Indexed as

CalcaneusBiomechanical PhenomenaFootGaitHumansIn Vitro Techniquesbiomechanicscomputer-assistedfootgaitimage processinginstrumentation

Identifiers

PMID33917016
PMCPMC8067713
OpenAlexW3142041756

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.