ReviewMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Insights into Terminal Sterilization Processes of Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications.
Review in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed.
- Magnetic nanorobots in oncology: From targeted drug delivery to smart theranostic systems.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Advances in Bioactive Polysaccharide-Small-Molecule Drug Supramolecular Nanocomplexes for Drug Delivery and Therapeutic Applications.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Review
- Biochemical Modulation of FeChemistry & biodiversity · 2026Article
- Magnetothermally Responsive Mesoporous Silica Nanocarriers: Materials Design, Thermoresponsive Gates and Controlled Drug Release.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Dual Anticancer and Antibacterial Applications of Active Particle Aggregates Containing Metal Phthalocyanines in Dark.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- From metabolic node to smart building block: α-Ketoglutarate-empowered biomaterials for programmable cell fate.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Nanotechnology-Enabled Strategies to Overcome Antibiotic Resistance in Respiratory Infections: Mechanisms, Platforms, and Translational Challenges.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Ultrasound-assisted size tuning of polyacrylic acid coated magnetic nanoparticle clusters for biomedical applications.Ultrasonics sonochemistry · 2026Article
- Biomimetic Cell Membrane-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Oral Diseases: Engineering Strategies, Targeting Mechanisms, and Translational Challenges.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Steam-sterilizable cationic nanodiamond-silver composites with enhanced antibacterial activity.Nanoscale advances · 2026Article
- Antioxidant Nanotherapies for Intervertebral Disk Degeneration: Progress and Prospects.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Advancements in Bimetallic Metal-Organic Frameworks for Oral Medicine.International dental journal · 2026Review
- Polymer Nanoparticles in Medical Applications-Future Directions.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Fabrication and Characterization of Nerolidol-Based Invasomes: Loading, Stability and Antimicrobial Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Targeted inhibition of RGS19 alleviates renal fibrosis by restoring autophagy and modulating immune cell infiltration.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- AI-enabled, QbD-aligned Predictive, and Sustainable Design of Natural Polymer-based Drug Delivery Systems.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Review
- Nanodynamic Therapy in Colorectal Cancer: Engineering Precision Immunotherapy and Multimodal Synergy.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Lipid-Based Nanocarriers for Curcumin Delivery: A Promising Strategy in The Management of Inflammatory Diseases.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Comparison of sterilisation methods for deer velvet antler extracts and their impact on anticancer activity.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Targeted phytotherapy: essential oils, multi-target cancer action & nanodelivery.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Nanoparticles possess a huge potential to be employed in numerous biomedical purposes; their applications may include drug delivery systems, gene therapy, and tissue engineering. However, the in vivo use in biomedical applications requires that nanoparticles exhibit sterility. Thus, diverse sterilization techniques have been developed to remove or destroy microbial contamination. The main sterilization methods include sterile filtration, autoclaving, ionizing radiation, and nonionizing radiation. Nonetheless, the sterilization processes can alter the stability, zeta potential, average particle size, and polydispersity index of diverse types of nanoparticles, depending on their composition. Thus, these methods may produce unwanted effects on the nanoparticles' characteristics, affecting their safety and efficacy. Moreover, each sterilization method possesses advantages and drawbacks; thus, the suitable method's choice depends on diverse factors such as the formulation's characteristics, batch volume, available methods, and desired application. In this article, we describe the current sterilization methods of nanoparticles. Moreover, we discuss the advantages and drawbacks of these methods, pointing out the changes in nanoparticles' biological and physicochemical characteristics after sterilization. Our main objective was to offer a comprehensive overview of terminal sterilization processes of nanoparticles for biomedical applications.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.