ArticleBrain sciences2021
Enhancing the Effects of Neurofeedback Training: The Motivational Value of the Reinforcers.
Article in Brain sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mapping the evolution of neurofeedback research: a bibliometric analysis of trends and future directions.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2024Pooled it
- Theta/Beta Ratio Neurofeedback Effects on Resting and Task-Related Theta Activity in Children with ADHD.Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback · 2025Trial
- Real-time fMRI neurofeedback modulates auditory cortex activity and connectivity in schizophrenia patients with auditory hallucinations: A controlled study.Psychiatry research. Neuroimaging · 2025Trial
- Infraslow Closed-Loop Brain Training for Anxiety and Depression (ISAD): A pilot randomised, sham-controlled trial in adult females with internalizing disorders.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2025Trial
- The Impact of Alpha-Neurofeedback Training on Gastric Slow Wave Activity and Heart Rate Variability in Humans.Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2025Trial
- Clinical and neurophysiological effects of bilateral repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and EEG-guided neurofeedback in Parkinson's disease: a randomized, four-arm controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2024Trial
- Feasibility of Gamified EEG Neurofeedback Combined with Adaptive Working-Memory Training in Older Adults: A Pilot Study.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Aesthetics, illusion of success and age interactions: disentangling effects in the closed-loop design with sham neurofeedback training.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Article
- Effects of Motor Imagery Tasks on Brain Functional Networks Based on EEG Mu/Beta Rhythm.Brain sciences · 2022Article
- The role of psychological autopsy in investigating a case of atypical suicide in schizophrenia: a case report with a brief review of literature.Egyptian journal of forensic sciences · 2022Article
- Source localized infraslow neurofeedback training in people with chronic painful knee osteoarthritis: A randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled feasibility clinical trial.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Cardiac Diagnostic Feature and Demographic Identification (CDF-DI): An IoT Enabled Healthcare Framework Using Machine Learning.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Exploring Inflammatory Status in Febrile Seizures Associated with Urinary Tract Infections: A Two-Step Cluster Approach.Brain sciences · 2021Article
- Clinical Findings in SMR Neurofeedback Protocol Training in Women with Fibromyalgia Syndrome.Brain sciences · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The brain activity that is measured by electroencephalography (EEG) can be modified through operant conditioning, specifically using neurofeedback (NF). NF has been applied to several disorders claiming that a change in the erratic brain activity would be accompanied by a reduction of the symptoms. However, the expected results are not always achieved. Some authors have suggested that the lack of an adequate response may be due to an incorrect application of the operant conditioning principles. A key factor in operant conditioning is the use of reinforcers and their value in modifying behavior, something that is not always sufficiently taken into account. This work aims to clarify the relevance of the motivational value versus the purely informational value of the reinforcer. In this study, 113 subjects were randomly assigned two different reinforcer conditions: a selected reinforcer-the subjects subjectively selected the reinforcers-or an imposed reinforcer-the reinforcers were assigned by the experimenter-and both groups undertook NF sessions to enhance the sensorimotor rhythm (SMR). In addition, the selected reinforcer group was divided into two subgroups: one receiving real NF and the other one sham NF. There were no significant differences between the groups at baseline in terms of SMR amplitude. After the intervention, only those subjects belonging to the selected reinforcer group and receiving real NF increased their SMR. Our results provide evidence for the importance of the motivational value of the reinforcer in Neurofeedback success.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.