ArticleTropical medicine and infectious disease2021
Antibiotic Use in Broiler Poultry Farms in Kathmandu Valley of Nepal: Which Antibiotics and Why?
Article in Tropical medicine and infectious disease, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular detection of antibiotic resistance genes in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from poultry farms of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Detection of Tetracycline and Colistin Residue in Broiler Meat of Siddharthanagar Municipality, Rupandehi, Nepal.Veterinary medicine international · 2026Article
- Determinants of indiscriminate antimicrobial use in commercial chicken farms in Bangladesh and their impact on food safety and public health.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli and antimicrobial resistance gene sharing at the interface of human, poultry and environment: results of ESBL tricycle surveillance in Kathmandu, Nepal.One health outlook · 2025Article
- Drivers and patterns of antibiotic use in small to medium-sized chicken farms in selected districts of Nepal.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- A review of antimicrobial usage practice in livestock and poultry production and its consequences on human and animal health.Journal of advanced veterinary and animal research · 2024Review
- Understanding the veterinary antibiotic flow in Malawi: complexities, gaps and needs.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Article
- Drivers of antimicrobial resistance within the communities of Nepal from One Health perspective: a scoping review.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Antibiotic Use and Resistance among Poultry Farmers in Nepal.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Antimicrobial resistance profiles ofJAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2023Article
- Antimicrobial Consumption in the Livestock Sector in Bhutan: Volumes, Values, Rates, and Trends for the Period 2017-2021.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Antimicrobial resistance, virulence associated genes and phylogenetic background versus plasmid replicon types: the possible associations in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC).BMC veterinary research · 2022Article
- Antimicrobial Resistance inTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2022Article
- An assessment of knowledge and attitude toward antibiotic misuse by small-scale broiler farmers in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia.Veterinary world · 2022Article
- Antibiotic usage practices and its drivers in commercial chicken production in Bangladesh.PloS one · 2022Article
- Potential Feed Additives as Antibiotic Alternatives in Broiler Production.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Review
- Antimicrobial Usage in Commercial and Domestic Poultry Farming in Two Communities in the Ashanti Region of Ghana.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Inappropriate antibiotic use in food-producing animals is associated with the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance. In industrial broiler poultry farms in three districts of Kathmandu valley, Nepal, we assessed antibiotic use prevalence, and their classes, types, and quantities. A cross-sectional questionnaire study involving field visits to large poultry farms (flock size ≥ 3000) of the Kathmandu, Bhaktapur, and Lalitpur districts was conducted. Of 30 farms (total flock size 104,200; range 3000-6000), prevalence of antibiotic use was 90% (95% CI: 73-98%). Six (22%) farms used antibiotics as prophylaxis, while 21 (78%) used it for therapeutics. Seven antibiotics from six classes (including quinolones, macrolides, and polymyxins) were used. The most commonly used antibiotics were tylosin (47%), colistin (47%), and dual therapies with neomycin and doxycycline (33%). A total of 50,000 grams of antibiotics (total weight including active and inactive ingredients) were used (0.5 grams/chicken/45 days of flock life) with eight (26%) farms using more than two antibiotics. No farms had records on clinical indications for prophylaxis or treatment. No post-mortem records of sick birds were available. Prevalence of antibiotic use in broiler farms of Kathmandu valley is high and includes "highest priority critically important antibiotics" for human use, with direct implications on public health.
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Registered trials
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