ArticleToxics2021
Inflammatory Biomarkers Interleukin 1 Beta (IL-1β) and Tumour Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) Are Differentially Elevated in Tobacco Smoke Associated COPD and Biomass Smoke Associated COPD.
Article in Toxics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- NT-proBNP in Different Patient Groups of COPD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2023Pooled it
- Efficacy of Xiyanping in the Treatment of Elderly Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Its Effect on the Expression of GDF-15 and HIF-1Computational and mathematical methods in medicine · 2022Trial
- Selective Screening of Dual-Target Bioactive Constituents From Shaoqitongfei Formula Against Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease by Receptor Chromatography.Journal of separation science · 2026Article
- Comparative Analysis of Virulence Traits and Fluconazole-Response Mechanisms in Clinical Isolates ofMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Respiratory Biomarkers: An Opportunity for Patient-Centric Microsampling Approach for Treatment Optimization.Clinical and translational science · 2026Review
- Systemic inflammation and oxidative stress in bronchiectasis-associated sarcopenia.ERJ open research · 2026Article
- Diagnostic Value of miR-192-5p in the Progression of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Complicated with Pulmonary Heart Disease.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2026Article
- Observation of inflammation and macrophage polarization in an experimental model of cigarette smoke-exposed mice and cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced RAW264.7 cells: An experimental preclinical study.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
- Respiratory omics for early detection of COPD-to-lung cancer transition: mechanisms, biomarkers and clinical translation.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- A new mouse model of biomass smoke-related chronic obstructive pulmonary disease combining porcine pancreatic elastase nebulization.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Article
- Integrating molecular biomarkers and ectoparasitic infestation to assess water quality.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Correlations Between Inflammatory Biomarkers and COPD Severity in a Real-Life Setting.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Immunohistochemical Analysis of Mastocyte Inflammation: A Comparative Study of COPD Associated with Tobacco Smoking and Wood Smoke Exposure.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Inhibition of Inflammatory Regulators for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Treatment from Indonesian Medicinal Plants: A Systematic Review.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Correlation between the body roundness index and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a cross-sectional analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Analysis of immune characteristics and inflammatory mechanisms in COPD patients: a multi-layered study combining bulk and single-cell transcriptome analysis and machine learning.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Role of m6A Methylation Regulators in the Diagnosis and Subtype Classification of COPD Based on the GEO Database.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2024Article
- Association between serum cotinine levels and urinary incontinence in adults in the United States: a population-based cross-sectional analysis.BMC public health · 2024Article
- The cGAS-STING pathway in COPD: targeting its role and therapeutic potential.Respiratory research · 2024Review
- Effects of Combustible Cigarettes and Heated Tobacco Products on Systemic Inflammatory Response in Patients with Chronic Inflammatory Diseases.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, is characterized by abnormal activation of inflammatory cells. The increased pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), further amplify the inflammation. We evaluated the dose response relationship of IL-1β and TNF-α levels and severity of airflow limitation, and differential responses in IL-1β and TNF-α between biomass COPD (BMS-COPD) and tobacco smoke COPD (TS-COPD) using a case control design in 160 subjects. Patients with COPD had higher serum levels of both IL-1β and TNF-α compared to healthy controls. A large difference in TNF-α was observed between TS-COPD and BMS-COPD, where TS-COPD patients had much higher levels. Serum IL-1β levels were higher in BMS-COPD. Levels of IL-1β correlated better with severity of airflow limitation than TNF-α levels. Both TNF-α and IL-1β levels had a negative linear relationship with Forced Expiratory Volume in 1st second (FEV1) and six-minute walk distance. The correlations were stronger with FEV1 than six-minute walk distance. The correlations of TNF-α and IL-1β with St George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) scores and body mass index (BMI) were not significant. In conclusion, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β are differently elevated in TS-COPD and BMS-COPD, respectively.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.