ReviewMedicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)2021
Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Pathophysiological Perspective.
Review in Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06780982 (The Effect of Self-care Emphasizing on Balloon-Blowing Exercise Program on Severity of Sleep Apnea and Respiratory Muscle Strength Among School Age Children With Obstructive Sleep Apnea), which is not on this map. Cited by 38 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effect of Self-care Emphasizing on Balloon-Blowing Exercise Program on Severity of Sleep Apnea and Respiratory Muscle Strength Among School Age Children With Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
- A meta-analysis of the correlation between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and renal injury.International urology and nephrology · 2025Pooled it
- International expert consensus statement: surgical failure in obstructive sleep apnea.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2024Pooled it
- Post Hoc Analysis of Solriamfetol Efficacy in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients with Excessive Daytime Sleepiness Stratified by Disease Severity.Advances in therapy · 2026Trial
- Effectiveness of strenghtning oropharyngeal myofunctional therapy combined with cervical spine exercises in mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnoea.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2025Trial
- [Effects of orofacial myofunctional therapy on postoperative outcomes of upper airway surgery for adults with severe obstructive sleep apnea].Lin chuang er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Journal of clinical otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery · 2022Trial
- The effect of tongue elevation muscle training in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: A randomised controlled trial.Journal of oral rehabilitation · 2022Trial
- Investigation of the Effectiveness of Traditional Breathing Therapy on Pulmonary Function in College Students with Obstructive Sleep Apnea.Contrast media & molecular imaging · 2022Trial
- Impact of tongue exercise on hypoglossal axis survival, structure, and output in a rodent model of hypoglossal motor neuron degeneration.Journal of neurophysiology · 2026Article
- Lingual frenulum, craniofacial morphology, and obstructive sleep apnea: a mediation analysis.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2026Article
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- Low Tongue Posture Improvement Effect of Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy Comprehensive Study of Nasal Ventilation Condition Using Computational Fluid Dynamics and Dental Arch Morphology.Orthodontics & craniofacial research · 2025Article
- Three Decades of Managing Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: What's Old, What's New.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Effects of Orofacial Myofunctional Exercises on Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty Outcome: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India · 2025Article
- Oral Cancer and Sleep Disturbances: A Narrative Review on Exploring the Bidirectional Relationship.Cancers · 2025Review
- Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase Acetylation Mediating Muscle Dysfunction Contributes to Sleep Apnoea in Obesity.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2025Article
- Orofacial myofunctional signs and symptoms in adults with sleep breathing disorder: is there a correlation?CoDAS · 2025Observational
- Global Prevalence of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India · 2025Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome is a multi-factorial disorder. Recently identified pathophysiological contributing factors include airway collapsibility, poor pharyngeal muscle responsiveness, a low arousal threshold, and a high loop gain. Understanding the pathophysiology is of pivotal importance to select the most effective treatment option. It is well documented that conventional treatments (continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), upper airway surgery, and dental appliance) may not always be successful in the presence of non-anatomical traits, especially in mild to moderate OSA. Orofacial myofunctional therapy (OMT) consists of isotonic and isometric exercises targeted to oral and oropharyngeal structures, with the aim of increasing muscle tone, endurance, and coordinated movements of pharyngeal and peripharyngeal muscles. Recent studies have demonstrated the efficacy of OMT in reducing snoring, apnea-hypopnea index, and daytime sleepiness, and improving oxygen saturations and sleep quality. Myofunctional therapy helps to reposition the tongue, improve nasal breathing, and increase muscle tone in pediatric and adult OSA patients. Studies have shown that OMT prevents residual OSA in children after adenotonsillectomy and helps adherence in CPAP-treated OSA patients. Randomized multi-institutional studies will be necessary in the future to determine the effectiveness of OMT in a single or combined modality targeted approach in the treatment of OSA. In this narrative review, we present up-to-date literature data, focusing on the role of OSA pathophysiology concepts concerning pharyngeal anatomical collapsibility and muscle responsiveness, underlying the response to OMT in OSA patients.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.