Observational studyIndian journal of ophthalmology2021
Fundus evaluation in COVID-19 positives with non-severe disease.
Observational study in Indian journal of ophthalmology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- COVID-19-Related Retinal Micro-vasculopathy - A Review of Current Evidence.American journal of ophthalmology · 2022Pooled it
- Ocular manifestations of COVID-19: A systematic review of current evidence.Preventive medicine reports · 2024Review
- The prone position in COVID-19 impacts the thickness of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layers and macular ganglion cell layers.PloS one · 2024Article
- From Bedside to Diagnosis: The Role of Ocular Fundus in Systemic Infections.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- The spectrum of COVID-19-associated chorioretinal vasculopathy.American journal of ophthalmology case reports · 2023Article
- The Impact of COVID-19 Infection on Macular Capillary Perfusion.Beyoglu eye journal · 2023Article
- Coronavirus Disease 2019-Related Health Disparities in Ophthalmology with a Retrospective Analysis at a Large Academic Public Hospital.Advances in ophthalmology and optometry · 2022Review
- Use of Imaging Technology to Assess the Effect of COVID-19 on Retinal Tissues: A Systematic Review.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2022Review
- Manifestations of COVID-19 in the posterior eye segment - Up-to-date.Oman journal of ophthalmologyReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe aim of this work was to study and document retinal changes in coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) positive patients with nonsevere disease using a nonmydriatic handheld fundus camera.
methodsA cross-sectional observational study was conducted on patients affected by COVID-19 who were admitted at our center. Our study included patients with no, mild, and moderate symptoms (nonsevere cases). Intensive care unit (ICU)-admitted patients were excluded considering the difficulty in procuring the fundus image by the handheld camera due to patients positioning. Patients with systemic conditions (diabetes, hypertension, and severe anemia) known to cause retinopathy were also excluded. Bedside anterior segment examination, fundus examination using indirect ophthalmoscopy and fundus imaging of each patient using a nonmydriatic handheld fundus camera was done by a trained ophthalmologist posted for COVID duty.
resultsIn a cohort of 138 patients, 94 (68.1%) were men and 44 (31.9%) were women. A total of 276 eyes were evaluated. The mean age of the patients was 38.51 ± 14.4 years. Anterior segment evaluation showed no abnormality in any of the eyes. On fundus screening using nonmydriatic handheld camera, a single streak of superficial retinal hemorrhage was noted at the posterior pole of the fundus in the left eye of one patient (0.72%), which was away from fovea. Laboratory tests revealed low hemoglobin (between 10 and 10.9 g/dL falling under mild Anemia) in 12 patients, elevated total leucocyte count in 6 patients, raised LDH in majority of patients (323 ± 101 Units/L) and elevated CRP (14.6 ± 30.99 mg/L). Rest of the lab parameters were within the normal range.
conclusionIn our study, COVID patients with mild-to-moderate symptoms did not show any inflammatory/infective or vaso-occlusive lesions in the retina attributable to COVID-19 infection, except one patient who had a single streak hemorrhage in the macula away from fovea, probably incidental.
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