Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33913478›Full record

ReviewDevelopment (Cambridge, England)2021

Development and maintenance of tendons and ligaments.

Lauren Bobzin, Ryan R Roberts, Hung-Jhen Chen, J Gage Crump, Amy E Merrill

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Development (Cambridge, England), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed
6.8field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Myotendinous Junction development and repair.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026
    Review
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  12. A spatially organizedScience advances · 2025
    Article
  13. Single cell RNA sequencing shows that cells expressing Sox9 postnatally populate most skeletal lineages in mouse bone.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Lauren BobzinDivision of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Ryan R RobertsDivision of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Hung-Jhen ChenEli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
J Gage CrumpEli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Amy E MerrillDivision of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
University of Southern California · US

Funding

Progenitor Regulation in Craniofacial Development and RegenerationR35DE027550 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI CRUMP, GAGE D · 2017 to 2024
$8.0M
DOCTORAL AND POST-DOCTORAL TRAINING IN CRANIOFACIAL BIOLOGYT90DE021982 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI PAINE, MICHAEL LANSDELL · 2011 to 2025
$6.2M
THE ROLE OF FGFR2 IN PROTEIN SYNTHESIS DURING SKELETAL DEVELOPMENTR01DE025222 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI MERRILL, AMY E · 2015 to 2024
$3.7M
Modular control of jaw tendon specification by the Nr5a2 orphan nuclear receptorR21DE029656 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI CRUMP, GAGE D, MERRILL, AMY E · 2020 to 2021
$649k
NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE025222NIDCR NIH HHS R21 DE029656NIDCR NIH HHS R35 DE027550NIDCR NIH HHS T90 DE021982
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tendons and ligaments are fibrous connective tissues vital to the transmission of force and stabilization of the musculoskeletal system. Arising in precise regions of the embryo, tendons and ligaments share many properties and little is known about the molecular differences that differentiate them. Recent studies have revealed heterogeneity and plasticity within tendon and ligament cells, raising questions regarding the developmental mechanisms regulating tendon and ligament identity. Here, we discuss recent findings that contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms that establish and maintain tendon progenitors and their differentiated progeny in the head, trunk and limb. We also review the extent to which these findings are specific to certain anatomical regions and model organisms, and indicate which findings similarly apply to ligaments. Finally, we address current research regarding the cellular lineages that contribute to tendon and ligament repair, and to what extent their regulation is conserved within tendon and ligament development.

Indexed as

Cell DifferentiationMusculoskeletal DevelopmentAnimalsHumansLigamentsStem CellsTendonsEnthesisFgfFibrous connective tissueLigamentScxTendonTenocyte

Identifiers

PMID33913478
PMCPMC8077520
OpenAlexW3158617898

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.