SynthesisFrontiers in oncology2021
Association of Immune Related Adverse Events With Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Overall Survival in Cancers: A Systemic Review and Meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Diagnosis and management of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced dry mouth and salivary gland dysfunction in oncology patients: a systematic review.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026Pooled it
- Immune-related adverse events with cancer clinical benefits: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC cancer · 2026Pooled it
- Monocyte-related markers as predictors of immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy and immune-related adverse events: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Treatment- and immune-related adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitors in esophageal or gastroesophageal junction cancer: A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Patients with melanoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors who had non-thyroid endocrine and skin immune-related adverse events have better prognosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase may be a potential prognostic biomarker and immunotherapy target in cancer: A meta-analysis and bioinformatics analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Review Article: Immune Effector Cell-Mediated Enterocolitis Following CAR-T Cell Therapy-Clinical Features, Pathophysiology and Management.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2026Review
- Impact of COVID-19 Vaccination on Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Receiving First-Line Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy: Real-World Evidence from Romania.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Triple M Overlap Syndrome After Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Case Series of a High-Mortality Phenotype.JACC. Case reports · 2026Article
- Occult breast cancer showing a marked response to pembrolizumab plus gemcitabine and carboplatin therapy complicated by immune-related colitis: A case report.Molecular and clinical oncology · 2026Article
- Article
- Prophylactic Interventions to Prevent Severe Skin Toxicities in Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Nivolumab + Ipilimumab With or Without Chemotherapy.JCO oncology practice · 2026Observational
- Recurrent endometrial carcinoma with immune-mediated thrombocytopenia following durvalumab: A case report.Case reports in women's health · 2026Article
- Predictors of Immune-Related Cardiac Adverse Events in Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Association of endocrine immune-related adverse events with progression-free survival in advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors with or without anlotinib.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced inflammatory arthritis as a potential biomarker for long-term response to tislelizumab in advanced head and neck carcinoma: a case report and literature review.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Development of immune-related adverse events is associated with improved survival outcomes in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Using routine blood tests to predict severe immune-related adverse events during immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Editorial for "a predictive model for irAEs in ESCC patients treated with PD-1 inhibitors based on blood indicators".Future science OA · 2025Article
- Article
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have brought impressive benefits to cancer patients, however often accompanied with immune-related adverse events (irAEs). We aimed to investigate the association of irAEs with efficacy and overall survival in cancer patients treated by ICIs, and further quantify the association by stratifying subgroups.
methodsPubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane library from database inception to 29 August 2019 were systematically searched. Articles reporting association of objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) with irAEs in cancer patients treated with approved ICIs were included. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidential intervals (CIs) were calculated for ORR, and hazard ratios (HR) were used for PFS and OS.
resultsA total of 52 articles comprising 9,156 patients were included. Pooled data demonstrated a statistically significant greater probability of achieving objective tumor response for patients with irAEs compared to those without (OR 3.91, 95% CI 3.05-5.02). In overall meta-analysis, patients who developed irAEs presented a prolonged PFS (HR 0.54; 95% CI 0.46-0.62) and OS (HR 0.51; 95% CI 0.41-0.59). More specifically, irAEs in certain cancer types (NSCLC and melanoma) and organs (skin and endocrine) were robustly associated with better clinical outcomes, while this association needs further verification regarding other tumors. High grade toxicities (G3-5) were not associated with a significantly favorable PFS or OS. Additionally, the association between irAEs and clinical benefit seemed to be more definite in patients receiving PD-(L)1 blockade than CTLA-4 blockade. Pooled data from landmark analyses displayed consistent results.
conclusionsThe occurrence of irAEs predicted improved tumor response and better survival in overall cancer patients treated with ICIs. Notably, the association stayed robust in certain cancer types (NSCLC and melanoma) and organ-specific irAEs (skin and endocrine).
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.