ArticleNPJ digital medicine2021
The effects of seasons and weather on sleep patterns measured through longitudinal multimodal sensing.
Article in NPJ digital medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed.
- The effectiveness of a cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia based intervention to improve sleep quality in nursing home residents, a cluster randomised controlled trial.European geriatric medicine · 2026Trial
- Analysis of Daily Sleep Diary Measures From Multilayer Extended-Release Methylphenidate (PRC-063) Studies in Children and Adults With ADHD.Journal of attention disorders · 2022Trial
- Sleep pattern differences in women at midlife: a large-scale multi-country smartwatch study (SONAR).Sleep · 2026Article
- Associations between weather variables and sleep architecture: A large-scale analysis using consumer sleep data.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2026Article
- Longitudinal digital phenotyping of activity rhythms and biological aging using commercial wearables.Nature communications · 2026Article
- No Evidence for Seasonal Variations in Fatigue, Sleepiness and Insomnia Symptoms: Spring Fatigue Is a Cultural Phenomenon Rather Than a Seasonal Syndrome.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- Physical activity, sleep pattern and problematic internet use in undergraduate health-sciences students of Nepal - A cross-sectional study.PLOS digital health · 2026Article
- Variation in sleep duration across latitudes and countries: a Bayesian hierarchical analysis of wearable data.Npj biological timing and sleep · 2026Article
- REstoring Sleep and Energy using a mulTimodal non-pharmacological intervention in advanced Cancer: A feasibility study (RESET-C).Palliative medicine · 2026Article
- The All of Us Research Program's wearables dataset.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Disinfection Byproducts, Oxidative Stress, and Sleep Quality among Healthy Chinese Men.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Seasonal variation in sleep apnea and other sleep parameters from diagnostic polysomnography data, 2003-2024.Communications health · 2026Article
- Seasonal and gender-specific patterns in prescriptions for hypnotic and sedative medications in primary care.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Multimodal Sleep Measurement and Alignment Analysis in Outpatients With Major Depressive Episode: Observational Study.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2025Observational
- Sex and Seasonal Variations in Melatonin Suppression and Alerting Response to Light.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2025Article
- Article
- Individual-Level Exposure to Light at Night and Sleep Health: A Comparison between Real-Time Mobility-Based Measurements and Indoor Residence-Based Measurements.Environmental science & technology · 2025Article
- Article
- Association between temperature rise from climate normal and sleep quality.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Prediction of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in older patients with insomnia: a longitudinal population study.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Previous studies of seasonal effects on sleep have yielded unclear results, likely due to methodological differences and limitations in data size and/or quality. We measured the sleep habits of 216 individuals across the U.S. over four seasons for slightly over a year using objective, continuous, and unobtrusive measures of sleep and local weather. In addition, we controlled for demographics and trait-like constructs previously identified to correlate with sleep behavior. We investigated seasonal and weather effects of sleep duration, bedtime, and wake time. We found several small but statistically significant effects of seasonal and weather effects on sleep patterns. We observe the strongest seasonal effects for wake time and sleep duration, especially during the spring season: wake times are earlier, and sleep duration decreases (compared to the reference season winter). Sleep duration also modestly decreases when day lengths get longer (between the winter and summer solstice). Bedtimes and wake times tend to be slightly later as outdoor temperature increases.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.