ArticleScientific reports2021
Unraveling the stability landscape of mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effect of PEI25k/DOTAP/cholesterol liposomal formulation on the immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-encoding DNA vaccine.Biotechnologia · 2026Article
- Using Machine Learning to Analyze Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Biomolecules.The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2025Article
- Article
- Design and Immune Profile of Multi-Epitope Synthetic Antigen Vaccine Against SARS-CoV-2: An In Silico and In Vivo Approach.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Production of novel SARS-CoV-2 Spike truncations in Chinese hamster ovary cells leads to high expression and binding to antibodies.Biotechnology journal · 2022Article
- Degradative Effect of Nattokinase on Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- From Alpha to Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants: What their evolutionary signatures can tell us?Journal of medical virology · 2022Article
- Review
- Article
- Fruit Bromelain-Derived Peptide Potentially Restrains the Attachment of SARS-CoV-2 Variants to hACE2: A Pharmacoinformatics Approach.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Natto extract, a Japanese fermented soybean food, directly inhibits viral infections including SARS-CoV-2 in vitro.Biochemical and biophysical research communications · 2021Article
- Bioinformatic analysis of the whole genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 from Indonesia.Iranian journal of microbiology · 2021Article
- A Barcoded Flow Cytometric Assay to Explore the Antibody Responses Against SARS-CoV-2 Spike and Its Variants.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
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2 authors.
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Abstract
The interaction between the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and the ACE2 enzyme is believed to be the entry point of the virus into various cells in the body, including the lungs, heart, liver, and kidneys. The current focus of several therapeutic design efforts explores attempts at affecting the binding potential between the two proteins to limit the activity of the virus and disease progression. In this work, we analyze the stability of the spike protein under all possible single-point mutations in the RBD and computationally explore mutations that can affect the binding with the ACE2 enzyme. We unravel the mutation landscape of the receptor region and assess the toxicity potential of single and multi-point mutations, generating insights for future vaccine efforts on mutations that might further stabilize the spike protein and increase its infectivity. We developed a tool, called SpikeMutator, to construct full atomic protein structures of the mutant spike proteins and shared a database of 3800 single-point mutant structures. We analyzed the recent 65,000 reported spike sequences across the globe and observed the emergence of stable multi-point mutant structures. Using the landscape, we searched through 7.5 million possible 2-point mutation combinations and report that the (R355D K424E) mutation produces one of the strongest spike proteins that therapeutic efforts should investigate for the sake of developing effective vaccines.
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