ArticleScience advances2021
Southern Ocean anthropogenic carbon sink constrained by sea surface salinity.
Article in Science advances, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Enhanced carbon loss in the Southern Ocean under mitigation scenarios.Science advances · 2026Article
- Article
- Marine biogenic humic substances control iron biogeochemistry across the Southern Ocean.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Atlantic overturning inferred from air-sea heat fluxes indicates no decline since the 1960s.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Global decline in net primary production underestimated by climate models.Communications earth & environment · 2025Article
- The Nonlinear and Distinct Responses of Ocean Heat Content and Anthropogenic Carbon to Ice Sheet Freshwater Discharge in a Warming Climate.Earth's future · 2024Article
- Competing effects of wind and buoyancy forcing on ocean oxygen trends in recent decades.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Constraining the trend in the ocean CONature communications · 2024Article
- Anthropogenic carbon pathways towards the North Atlantic interior revealed by Argo-ONature communications · 2024Article
- Viruses under the Antarctic Ice Shelf are active and potentially involved in global nutrient cycles.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Climate-driven variability of the Southern Ocean COPhilosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences · 2023Article
- Sparse observations induce large biases in estimates of the global ocean COPhilosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences · 2023Article
- Tracing the impacts of recent rapid sea ice changes and the A68 megaberg on the surface freshwater balance of the Weddell and Scotia Seas.Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The ocean attenuates global warming by taking up about one quarter of global anthropogenic carbon emissions. Around 40% of this carbon sink is located in the Southern Ocean. However, Earth system models struggle to reproduce the Southern Ocean circulation and carbon fluxes. We identify a tight relationship across two multimodel ensembles between present-day sea surface salinity in the subtropical-polar frontal zone and the anthropogenic carbon sink in the Southern Ocean. Observations and model results constrain the cumulative Southern Ocean sink over 1850-2100 to 158 ± 6 petagrams of carbon under the low-emissions scenario Shared Socioeconomic Pathway 1-2.6 (SSP1-2.6) and to 279 ± 14 petagrams of carbon under the high-emissions scenario SSP5-8.5. The constrained anthropogenic carbon sink is 14 to 18% larger and 46 to 54% less uncertain than estimated by the unconstrained estimates. The identified constraint demonstrates the importance of the freshwater cycle for the Southern Ocean circulation and carbon cycle.
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Registered trials
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