ArticleDrugs - real world outcomes2021
Factors Associated with Tramadol Abuse: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Commercial Drivers and Assistants in the Accra Metropolitan Area of Ghana.
Article in Drugs - real world outcomes, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond the Law: A Qualitative Socio-Ecological Study of Substance Use Treatment Barriers and Adaptations in Ghana.Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing · 2026Article
- Psychoactive Substance Use and Associated Factors Among Adolescent Commercial Tricycle Riders in Tamale, Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Road safety threats and occupational health risk associated with psychoactive substance use and dependence risk among commercial drivers: WHO ASSIST evidence from Ghana.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Family Structure and Peer Influences as Correlates of Lifetime Smokeless Tobacco Use Among Undergraduate Students at The University For Development Studies, Ghana: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study.Tobacco use insights · 2026Article
- Co-developing a framework to guide school-based substance use prevention (SSUP) interventions in Ghana.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Ameliorative Effect of Vitamin C Against Tramadol-Induced Learning and Memory Impairment in Juvenile Rat Via Attenuation of Oxidative Stress and Dysfunctional Synaptic Plasticity.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2025Article
- Tramadol use among young commercial drivers in Tamale Metropolis: a concurrent triangulation mixed-methods study.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2025Article
- The severity of Tramadol misuse among youth in urban informal settlements in Ghana: patterns, co-use, and sociodemographic factors.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2025Article
- The prevalence of Tramadol abuse and associated factors among Hawassa University students, Hawassa, Ethiopia.PloS one · 2025Article
- The burden of unlawful use of opioid and associated epidemiological characteristics in Africa: A scoping review.PloS one · 2025Article
- Prevalence and factors associated with tramadol use among university students in Ghana: a cross-sectional survey.BMC psychiatry · 2024Article
- Patterns and social factors associated with non-prescription use of Tramadol: a cross-sectional study among youth in urban informal settlements in Ghana.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2024Article
- A consideration of CYP2D6 genetic variations in the Ghanaian population as a potential 'culprit' for the tramadol 'abuse crisis'.BMC medical genomics · 2024Article
- Prevalence and health consequences of nonmedical use of tramadol in Africa: A systematic scoping review.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Prevalence and patterns of substance use in West Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThere is increasing public health concern regarding the addiction and dependence potential of tramadol.
objectiveThis study sought to determine factors associated with tramadol abuse among commercial drivers and assistants in the Accra Metropolitan Area of Ghana. PATIENTS AND
methodsThe study employed a mixed-method quantitative and qualitative approach. It involved a cross-sectional survey and focus group discussions with commercial drivers and assistants at selected transport terminals in Accra. Data on abuse, reasons for abuse, sources of supply, and factors associated with abuse were collected from the respondents and analyzed using STATA and Nvivo, as appropriate.
resultsOf the 458 study participants, 114 (24.9%) indicated that they abused tramadol. The mean (± standard deviation) age of those who abused tramadol (25.14 ± 5.87 years) was significantly lower than that of nonabusers (28.23 ± 9.6 years), t(456) = -3.60; p = 0.001. The level of risk of dependence on tramadol among the abusers was high, as 49.1% (56/114) of abusers were estimated to have a composite risk score of ≥ 27. Various socioenvironmental factors, including tension or fighting among family members (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 7.73; 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.33-17.98; p < 0.001), abuse of drugs by a family member (AOR 2.27; 95% CI 1.26-4.11; p = 0.007), and having a friend who abused drugs (AOR 2.17; 95% CI 1.22-3.89; p = 0.009) were associated with tramadol abuse. Reasons given for using tramadol included pain relief and sexual enhancement.
conclusionThe level of tramadol abuse and dependence was high. This calls for interventional programs, including health education, as dependency on tramadol has dire consequences on productivity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.