Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33909154›Full record

ArticleEJNMMI physics2021

3D printing

Daniel Gillett, Daniel Marsden, Safia Ballout, Bala Attili, Nick Bird, Sarah Heard, Mark Gurnell, Iosif A Mendichovszky, Luigi Aloj

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in EJNMMI physics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Applications of artificial intelligence in nuclear medicine.Zeitschrift fur medizinische Physik · 2026
    Review
  2. Enhancing PET/CT target assessment with porous 3D printed grids: a pilot study.Physical and engineering sciences in medicine · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Brachytherapy and 3D printing for skin cancer: A review paper.Journal of contemporary brachytherapy · 2024
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Daniel GillettDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK. dg538@medschl.cam.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9773-6502
Daniel MarsdenClinical Engineering, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
Safia BalloutDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
Bala AttiliClinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, AstraZeneca, Darwin Building, Cambridge Science Park Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0WG, UK.
Nick BirdDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
Sarah HeardDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
Mark GurnellCambridge Endocrine Molecular Imaging Group, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
Iosif A MendichovszkyDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
Luigi AlojDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.

Funding

Addenbrooke's Charitable Trust, Cambridge University Hospitals 900158National Institute for Health Research BRC-1215-20014
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposePhantoms are routinely used in molecular imaging to assess scanner performance. However, traditional phantoms with fillable shapes do not replicate human anatomy. 3D-printed phantoms have overcome this by creating phantoms which replicate human anatomy which can be filled with radioactive material. The problem with these is that small objects suffer to a greater extent than larger objects from the effects of inactive walls, and therefore, phantoms without these are desirable. The purpose of this study was to explore the feasibility of creating resin-based 3D-printed phantoms using

methodsRadioactive resin was created using an emulsion of printer resin and

resultsCreating radioactive resin was simple and effective. The radioactive concentration was uniform among identical objects; the CoV of the signal was 0.7% using a gamma counter. The printed cylinders and spheres were found to be within 4% of the model dimensions. A double helix was successfully printed as a test for the printer and appeared as expected on the PET scanner. The amount of radioactivity leached into the water was measurable (0.72%) but not visible above background on the imaging.

conclusionsCreating an

Indexed as

18F3D printingPETPhantomsQuality control

Identifiers

PMID33909154
PMCPMC8081805

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.