ReviewInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2021
IMI Pathologic Myopia.
Review in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 253 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
253 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 389 citations in OpenAlex.
- Artificial intelligence for pathologic myopia classification based on the META-PM system: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Pooled it
- Economic evaluation, resource utilisation, and associated economic burden of myopia management: a systematic literature review.Journal of global health · 2025Pooled it
- Nutritional Supplementation for Myopia Prevention and Control: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Axial length as a predictor of myopic macular degeneration: a meta-analysis and clinical study.Eye (London, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Artificial intelligence in pathologic myopia: a review of clinical research studies.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Differential diagnosis of myopic choroidal neovascularization (mCNV): insights from multimodal imaging and treatment implications.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2024Pooled it
- Factors associated with pathologic myopia onset and progression: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2024Pooled it
- Effect of daily disposable Defocus Incorporated Soft Contact lens on myopia control: a 1-year multicentre randomised controlled trial.The British journal of ophthalmology · 2026Trial
- Effect of Lutein Ester Supplement on Choroidal Thickness in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Trial
- 3-year results of 0.01% and 0.1% loading dose atropine treatment including washout in Danish children with myopia: a placebo-controlled, randomised clinical trial.The British journal of ophthalmology · 2025Trial
- Safety and efficacy of 0.01% and 0.1% low-dose atropine eye drop regimens for reduction of myopia progression in Danish children: a randomized clinical trial examining one-year effect and safety.BMC ophthalmology · 2023Trial
- Effect of Repeated Low-level Red Light on Myopia Prevention Among Children in China With Premyopia: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2023Trial
- Prevalence, Associations, and Visual Impact of Myopic Macular Degeneration in a Multi-ethnic Older Population in Singapore: The PIONEER Study.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Article
- Prevalence of Myopia in Europe: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Review
- Low-Dose Atropine for Pediatric Myopia: First-Year Progression as a Risk-Stratification and Management Signal.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- Whole-Exome Sequencing Identifies Novel CPAMD8 Variants in Congenital Cataract and Candidate Variants in Pathologic Myopia.Molecular genetics & genomic medicine · 2026Article
- The conceptual evolution of myopia management: from refractive correction to axial-length-based risk modulation.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Myopia Prevalence, Ocular Metrics and Visual Activity in United States Optometry Students.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- From generalization to precision: A large domain-specific pretrained model for specialized medical tasks.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Ocular Blood Flow in Eyes with Myopia and Glaucoma: From Pathophysiology to Clinical Implications.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
193 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
11 authors at 10 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pathologic myopia is a major cause of visual impairment worldwide. Pathologic myopia is distinctly different from high myopia. High myopia is a high degree of myopic refractive error, whereas pathologic myopia is defined by a presence of typical complications in the fundus (posterior staphyloma or myopic maculopathy equal to or more serious than diffuse choroidal atrophy). Pathologic myopia often occurs in eyes with high myopia, however its complications especially posterior staphyloma can also occur in eyes without high myopia. Owing to a recent advance in ocular imaging, an objective and accurate diagnosis of pathologic myopia has become possible. Especially, optical coherence tomography has revealed novel lesions like dome-shaped macula and myopic traction maculopathy. Wide-field optical coherence tomography has succeeded in visualizing the entire extent of large staphylomas. The effectiveness of new therapies for complications have been shown, such as anti-VEGF therapies for myopic macular neovascularization and vitreoretinal surgery for myopic traction maculopathy. Myopia, especially childhood myopia, has been increasing rapidly in the world. In parallel with an increase in myopia, the prevalence of high myopia has also been increasing. However, it remains unclear whether or not pathologic myopia will increase in parallel with an increase of myopia itself. In addition, it has remained unclear whether genes responsible for pathologic myopia are the same as those for myopia in general, or whether pathologic myopia is genetically different from other myopia.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.