ArticleJMIR research protocols2021
Pesticide Exposure of Residents Living Close to Agricultural Fields in the Netherlands: Protocol for an Observational Study.
Article in JMIR research protocols, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Multi-Pathway Approach to Pesticide Exposure in Agricultural Communities: Protocol for an Observational Study.JMIR research protocols · 2026Observational
- Child exposure to organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides measured in urine, wristbands, and household dust and its implications for child health in South Africa: A panel study.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2024Article
- The Effect of Pesticide Spray Season and Residential Proximity to Agriculture on Glyphosate Exposure among Pregnant People in Southern Idaho, 2021.Environmental health perspectives · 2023Article
- Pesticide Exposure of Residents Living in Wine Regions: Protocol and First Results of the Pestiprev Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Impact of occupational pesticide exposure on the human gut microbiome.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- A Critical Scoping Review of Pesticide Exposure Biomonitoring Studies in Overhead Cultures.Toxics · 2022Article
- Collection of human and environmental data on pesticide use in Europe and Argentina: Field study protocol for the SPRINT project.PloS one · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
18 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundApplication of pesticides in the vicinity of homes has caused concern regarding possible health effects in residents living nearby. However, the high spatiotemporal variation of pesticide levels and lack of knowledge regarding the contribution of exposure routes greatly complicates exposure assessment approaches.
objectiveThe objective of this paper was to describe the study protocol of a large exposure survey in the Netherlands assessing pesticide exposure of residents living close (<250 m) to agricultural fields; to better understand possible routes of exposure; to develop an integrative exposure model for residential exposure; and to describe lessons learned.
methodsWe performed an observational study involving residents living in the vicinity of agricultural fields and residents living more than 500 m away from any agricultural fields (control subjects). Residential exposures were measured both during a pesticide use period after a specific application and during the nonuse period for 7 and 2 days, respectively. We collected environmental samples (outdoor and indoor air, dust, and garden and field soils) and personal samples (urine and hand wipes). We also collected data on spraying applications as well as on home characteristics, participants' demographics, and food habits via questionnaires and diaries. Environmental samples were analyzed for 46 prioritized pesticides. Urine samples were analyzed for biomarkers of a subset of 5 pesticides. Alongside the field study, and by taking spray events and environmental data into account, we developed a modeling framework to estimate environmental exposure of residents to pesticides.
resultsOur study was conducted between 2016 and 2019. We assessed 96 homes and 192 participants, including 7 growers and 28 control subjects. We followed 14 pesticide applications, applying 20 active ingredients. We collected 4416 samples: 1018 air, 445 dust (224 vacuumed floor, 221 doormat), 265 soil (238 garden, 27 fields), 2485 urine, 112 hand wipes, and 91 tank mixtures.
conclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first study on residents' exposure to pesticides addressing all major nondietary exposure sources and routes (air, soil, dust). Our protocol provides insights on used sampling techniques, the wealth of data collected, developed methods, modeling framework, and lessons learned. Resources and data are open for future collaborations on this important topic. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): RR1-10.2196/27883.
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