Observational studyMovement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society2021
Concomitant Medication Usage with Levodopa-Carbidopa Intestinal Gel: Results from the COSMOS Study.
Observational study in Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel infusion on autonomic symptoms in advanced Parkinson's disease: a systematic review.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of Foslevodopa/Foscarbidopa Monotherapy in Patients with Parkinson's Disease.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2026Trial
- Real-world neuropsychiatric safety profile of foslevodopa/foscarbidopa infusion in advanced Parkinson's disease.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Long-Term Clinical Efficacy, Safety, and Polypharmacy Simplification of Levodopa-Entacapone-Carbidopa Intestinal Gel in Advanced Parkinson's Disease: An 18-Month Longitudinal Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Sex Differences in the Treatment of People with Parkinson's Disease with a Device-Aided Therapy: A Prospective Real-World Study.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Observational
- Clinical Outcomes and Predictors of Response to Levodopa-Entacapone-Carbidopa Intestinal Gel in Advanced Parkinson's Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study over a 4-Year Period.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Levodopa-Carbidopa Intestinal Gel Improves Dyskinesia in Parkinson's Disease: Post Hoc Analysis from the COSMOS Study.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2026Observational
- Levodopa Intestinal Gel Infusion Therapies in Advanced Parkinson's Disease: A Swedish Study on Real-World Use and Costs.Neurology and therapy · 2025Article
- Levodopa-Entacapone-Carbidopa Intrajejunal Infusion in Advanced Parkinson's Disease - Interim Analysis of the ELEGANCE Study.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2025Article
- Levodopa-Carbidopa Intestinal Gel in an Outpatient Setting: A 10-Year Experience.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2025Article
- Effects of GBA1 Variants in Patients With Parkinson's Disease and Levodopa-Carbidopa Intestinal Gel: A Nation-Wide, Multicenter, Longitudinal, "Real-World" Study. The EPIC Study.European journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Effectiveness and safety of levodopa-entacapone-carbidopa infusion in Parkinson disease: A real-world data study.European journal of neurology · 2025Observational
- Satisfaction and Preferences for Infusion Therapies in Advanced Parkinson's Disease-Patient Perspective.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Advanced therapies in Parkinson's disease: an individualized approach to their indication.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2024Review
- Monotherapy with infusion therapies - useful or not?Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2024Review
- Levodopa-Entacapone-Carbidopa Intestinal Gel in the Treatment of Advanced Parkinson's Disease: A Single Center Real-World Experience.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Starting with 24-h levodopa carbidopa intestinal gel at initiation in a large cohort of advanced Parkinson's disease patients.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Decreased hepatic enzymes reflect the decreased vitamin B6 levels in Parkinson's disease patients.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2024Article
- Current and novel infusion therapies for patients with Parkinson's disease.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2023Review
- Punding in Parkinson's Disease: An Update.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 8 institutions in 8 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLevodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) is administered directly to the small intestine of patients with advanced Parkinson's disease (APD) to help maintain stable plasma levodopa levels.
objectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate the effect of LCIG in reducing polypharmacy for the treatment of APD.
methodsThe COmedication Study assessing Mono- and cOmbination therapy with levodopa-carbidopa inteStinal gel (COSMOS) is a large, real-world, multinational observational study investigating comedication use with LCIG. All enrolled patients had used LCIG for ≥12 months and data were collected cross-sectionally (study visit) and retrospectively. The primary endpoint was the percentage of patients using LCIG as monotherapy (without add-on PD medications) at initiation and at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months thereafter.
resultsOverall, 409 patients were enrolled from 14 countries and were treated with LCIG for a mean of 35.8 ± 23.2 months. A total of 15.2% of patients initiated LCIG as monotherapy and 31.7% were receiving monotherapy at 12 months after initiation. The mean duration of LCIG monotherapy was 39.3 ± 25.6 months. Use of add-on medications decreased over time with all LCIG regimens. From LCIG initiation to the patient visit, mean off time decreased by 3.8, 4.6, and 3.9 hours/day for LCIG monotherapy, LCIG daytime monotherapy, and LCIG polytherapy groups, respectively, while duration of dyskinesia decreased by 1.7, 2.0, and 1.9 hours/day, respectively. Adverse events likely related to study treatment occurred in 112 patients (27.4%) during LCIG treatment.
conclusionsLCIG is an effective long-term monotherapy option with a positive risk-benefit profile and contributes to reduced polypharmacy for patients with APD. © 2021 The AbbVie Inc. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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