ArticlePsychopharmacology2021
Females develop features of an addiction-like phenotype sooner during withdrawal than males.
Article in Psychopharmacology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ovarian Hormones and Addictive Behaviour Vulnerability: Insights From Preclinical Studies.Addiction biology · 2025Pooled it
- Calcium-permeable AMPA receptors contribute to the accelerated development of enhanced motivation for cocaine in female rats.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Reward Prediction Errors Drive Reinforcement Learning and Recognition Memory: Gender Differences in Methamphetamine Abusers.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Proteomic analysis of plasma proteins during fentanyl withdrawal in ovariectomized female rats with and without estradiol.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2025Article
- Oxytocin Attenuates the Endocrine Disrupting Effects of Cocaine in the Female Rat.Endocrinology · 2025Article
- Sex differences in stress-modulated cocaine vulnerability: female rodents are more sensitive to the effects of stress exposure at different developmental stages.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2025Review
- Sex Differences in the Development of an Opioid Addiction-Like Phenotype: A Focus on the Telescoping Effect.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2024Article
- Cholinergic interneurons in the shell region of the nucleus accumbens regulate binge alcohol consumption: A chemogenetic and genetic lesion study.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2024Article
- OPRM1 Gene Polymorphism in Women with Alcohol Use Disorder.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Blocking IL-17A prevents oxycodone-induced depression-like effects and elevation of IL-6 levels in the ventral tegmental area and reduces oxycodone-derived physical dependence in rats.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2024Article
- Sex- and age-specific effects on the development of addiction and compulsive-like drinking in rats.Biology of sex differences · 2023Article
- Sex- and Gender-Specific Drug Abuse Dynamics: The Need for Tailored Therapeutic Approaches.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Sex/Gender Differences in the Time-Course for the Development of Substance Use Disorder: A Focus on the Telescoping Effect.Pharmacological reviews · 2023Review
- mGlu5 inhibition in the basolateral amygdala prevents estrous cycle-dependent changes in cue-induced cocaine seeking.Addiction neuroscience · 2023Article
- Fentanyl-induced reward seeking is sex and dose dependent and is prevented by D-cysteine ethylester.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Role of nucleus accumbens dopamine 2 receptors in motivating cocaine use in male and female rats prior to and following the development of an addiction-like phenotype.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Impact of high-access exercise prior to and during early adolescence on later vulnerability to opioid use and relapse in male rats.Translational psychiatry · 2022Article
- Novelty preference does not predict trait cocaine behaviors in male rats.Addiction neuroscience · 2022Article
- Sex differences in the neuroadaptations associated with incubated cocaine-craving: A focus on the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2022Article
- Fentanyl-induced acute and conditioned behaviors in two inbred mouse lines: Potential role for Glyoxalase.Physiology & behavior · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleWomen meet criteria for substance use disorder after fewer years of drug use than men; this accelerated time course, or telescoping effect, has been observed for multiple drugs, including cocaine. Preclinical findings similarly indicate an enhanced vulnerability in females to developing an addiction-like phenotype; however, it is not yet known if this phenotype develops faster in females versus males.
objectivesThe goal of this study was to determine using a rat model whether two key features of addiction in humans, an enhanced motivation for cocaine and compulsive use, emerge sooner during withdrawal from extended access cocaine self-administration in females versus males.
methodsMotivation for cocaine, as assessed under a progressive-ratio reinforcement schedule, was determined prior to and following extended access cocaine self-administration (24 h/day, 96 infusions/day, 10 days) and after 7, 14, or 60 days of withdrawal. Compulsive use, or use despite punishment, was evaluated once progressive-ratio responding stabilized by adding histamine, an aversive stimulus, to the cocaine solutions.
resultsMotivation for cocaine increased from baseline sooner during withdrawal in females than males (at 7 versus 14 days); motivation was also highest in the 60-day group. Histamine decreased progressive-ratio responding for cocaine in both sexes, although effects were greatest in males in the 7-day withdrawal group; males reached the female-level of resistance to histamine punishment by 14 days of withdrawal.
conclusionsFemale rats developed addition-like features sooner during withdrawal than male rats indicating that the telescoping effect observed in humans is biologically based. Additionally, like drug-seeking/craving, motivation for cocaine and measures of compulsive use incubate over withdrawal.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.