Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33907381›Full record

ReviewDrug design, development and therapy2021

Pharmacological Management of Gastro-Esophageal Reflux Disease: An Update of the State-of-the-Art.

Vincenzo Savarino, Elisa Marabotto, Patrizia Zentilin, Maria Giulia Demarzo, Nicola de Bortoli, Edoardo Savarino

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Drug design, development and therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
6.3field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.

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  7. Problems associated with the ATC system of drug classification.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026
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  17. GERD: Latest update on acid-suppressant drugs.Current research in pharmacology and drug discovery · 2024
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  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Vincenzo SavarinoDepartment of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-6803-1952
Elisa MarabottoDepartment of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Patrizia ZentilinDepartment of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-9235-6308
Maria Giulia DemarzoDepartment of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Nicola de BortoliDepartment of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Edoardo SavarinoDepartment of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-3187-2894
University of Genoa · ITUniversity of Padua · ITUniversity of Pisa · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a highly prevalent, chronic disorder, whose knowledge remains limited and the management of these patients changes continuously. This review provides a summary of the most recent advancements in the pathogenesis of this disease and the new drugs introduced into the market to overcome some of the unmet needs of traditional therapies. Nowadays, the most fruitful diagnostic examinations are 24-hour impedance-pH monitoring, which allows us to separate true NERD from esophageal functional disorders and high-resolution manometry, which helps to exclude the existence of motility disorders sharing the same symptoms of GERD. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) remain the first-choice therapy in the treatment of GERD, but a consistent proportion of these patients continue to experience symptoms despite their intake. These cases pertain mainly to the subpopulation with non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) and represent very challenging clinical situations, because it is mandatory to understand the reasons for PPI failure. The management of these difficult patients requires necessarily to test them and avoid the use of empiric treatments that are often unsuccessful, costly and potentially dangerous. Recently, several new drugs have been used to increase the defensive properties of this mucosa with promising results in randomized clinical trials.

Indexed as

Gastroesophageal RefluxHumansManometryProton Pump InhibitorsProton Pump Inhibitorsbile acid sequestrant drugesophageal mucosal resistancemedical management of GERDmucosal protective agentspotassium competitive acid blockersPPI-refractory patientsproton pump inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID33907381
PMCPMC8064680
OpenAlexW3155734518

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.