Observational studyScientific reports2021
Association of blood biomarkers and autoimmunity with immune related adverse events in patients with cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Observational study in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- Analysis of risk factors for immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated liver injury: a retrospective analysis based on clinical study and real-world data.Hepatology international · 2025Pooled it
- Monocyte-related markers as predictors of immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy and immune-related adverse events: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Peripheral blood cell counts as predictors of immune-related adverse events in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Predictive value of NLR and PLR for immune-related adverse events: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2024Pooled it
- Neutrophil to Lymphocyte ratio as a predictor for immune-related adverse events in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Risk Factors for Cutaneous Immune-Related Adverse Events in the Japanese Population: A Retrospective Single-Center Cohort Study.The Journal of dermatology · 2026Article
- Review
- Treatment and outcomes of immunotherapy related colitis and hepatitis- a multi-centre cohort study in the United Kingdom by the National Oncology Trainee Collaborative for Healthcare Research (NOTCH).Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026Article
- A monocyte-centered framework for predicting immunochemotherapy efficacy in lung squamous cell carcinoma patients.EMBO molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Blood parameters and whole-blood transcriptomics associated with immune-related adverse events in metastatic renal cell carcinoma during nivolumab plus ipilimumab.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Successful Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Rechallenge After Sintilimab-Induced Pancreatitis: A Case Report.International medical case reports journal · 2026Article
- The role of hormonal and nutritional biomarkers in predicting immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy: current limitations and future prospects.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Clinical Analysis of Peripheral Blood Indicators for Immune-Related Adverse Events (irAEs) in Patients With Advanced Lung Cancer.Clinical Medicine Insights. Oncology · 2026Article
- Toward nursing-integrated biomarker surveillance for immune-related adverse events during immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Development of an online prediction tool for immunotherapy-related adverse events in patients with advanced NSCLC based on machine learning and temporal validation.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Pre-treatment inflammatory markers can identify the risk of immune-related toxicity in non-small cell lung cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Role of innate immunity in the development of cancer immunotherapy immune-mediated adverse events.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Predicting cardiovascular toxicity in anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy: a risk factor analysis and model development.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- The Search for Predictive Biomarkers in Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Associated Adverse Events.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Review
- Peripheral lymphocyte count as a prognostic marker in cervical cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a retrospective study.BMC cancer · 2025Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Patients with cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) develop immune related adverse events (irAEs), however biomarkers are lacking. We hypothesized that clinicopathologic and laboratory factors would be associated with irAE risk and overall survival (OS) in this population. In a retrospective study of patients treated with ICIs we collected clinicopathologic, laboratory, irAEs and outcomes data. The association between baseline blood biomarkers, clinicopathologic features and irAEs was assessed by logistic regression adjusting for age, sex, smoking, cancer type, performance status, concomitant other systemic therapy, history of autoimmune disease (AD), chronic infection and pre-existing systemic steroid use (regardless of dose). Optimal cutoff values of biomarkers were identified by recursive partitioning analysis. 470 patients were identified; 156 (33%) developed irAEs, which were associated with baseline absolute lymphocyte count > 2.6 k/ul (adjusted [a]OR: 4.30), absolute monocyte count > 0.29 k/ul (aOR: 2.34) and platelet count > 145 k/ul (aOR: 2.23), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) ≤ 5.3 (aOR: 2.07) and monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR) ≤ 0.73 (aOR: 2.96), as well as platelet to lymphocyte ratio ≤ 534 (aOR: 5.05). Patients with pre-existing AD (aOR: 2.57), family history of AD (aOR: 5.98), and ICI combination (aOR: 2.00) had higher odds of irAEs. Baseline NLR ≤ 5.3 (aHR: 0.68), MLR ≤ 0.73 (aHR: 0.43), PLT > 145 (aHR: 0.48) and PLR ≤ 534 (aHR: 0.48) were associated with longer OS. irAEs were associated with autoimmune history, ICI combination and baseline laboratory measurements. Lower NLR, MLR and PLR may have favorable prognostic value. Our hypothesis-generating findings require validation in larger prospective studies.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.