SynthesisMedicine2021
The relationship between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hypothyroidism: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Review
- Navigating thyroid hormone signaling in liver fibrosis: mechanisms and clinical implications.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Review
- Exploring the Cross-Sectional Association Between Hypothyroidism and Circadian Syndrome: Insights from NHANES 2007-2012.Clocks & sleep · 2025Article
- Association of insulin-like growth factor 1 and metabolic parameters with mild subclinical hypothyroidism in obese boys.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Thyroid Hormones and Metabolism Regulation: Which Role on Brown Adipose Tissue and Browning Process?Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Hypothyroidism/subclinical hypothyroidism and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: advances in mechanism and treatment.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Review
- MAFLD as part of systemic metabolic dysregulation.Hepatology international · 2024Review
- Thyroid Hormone-Mediated Selective Autophagy and Its Implications in Countering Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2024Review
- [Occult thyroid dysfunction in outpatients with liver cirrhosis].Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social · 2024Article
- Team players in the pathogenesis of metabolic dysfunctions-associated steatotic liver disease: The basis of development of pharmacotherapy.World journal of gastrointestinal pathophysiology · 2024Review
- Use of transient elastography for hepatic steatosis and fibrosis evaluation in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism.Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Article
- Association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and subclinical hypothyroidism in children with obesity.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2023Article
- Retrospective Evaluation of Gastrointestinal Signs in Hypothyroid Dogs.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Low-Normal Thyroid Function Is Not Associated with Either Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease or with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- [Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease : Hepatic manifestations of metabolic syndrome].Innere Medizin (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2023Review
- Serum IL-27 levels increase in subjects with hypothyroidism and are negatively correlated with the occurrence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- MAFLD in Patients with Cushing's Disease Is Negatively Associated with Low Free Thyroxine Levels Rather than with Cortisol or TSH Levels.International journal of endocrinology · 2023Article
- Review
- Influence of Altered Thyroid Hormone Mechanisms in the Progression of Metabolic Dysfunction Associated with Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD): A Systematic Review.Metabolites · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWhether hypothyroidism is related to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is controversial. Our aim was to investigate the relationship between NAFLD and hypothyroidism that may predict the NAFLD potential of these lesions and new prevention strategies in hypothyroidism patients.
methodsTotally 51,407 hypothyroidism patients with average 28.23% NAFLD were analyzed by Revman 5.3 and Stata 15.1 softwares in the present study. The PubMed and Embase databases were systematically searched for works published through May 9, 2020.
resultsThe blow variables were associated with an increased risk of NAFLD in hypothyroidism patients as following: increased of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels (odds ratio [OR] = 1.23, 1.07-1.39, P = .0001); old age (mean difference [MD] = 3.18, 1.57-4.78, P = .0001); increased of body mass index (BMI) (MD = 3.39, 2.79-3.99, P < .000001); decreased of free thyroxine 4 (FT4) levels (MD = -0.28, -0.53 to -0.03, P = .03). In addition, FT3 (MD = 0.11, -0.09-0.3, P = .29) had no association with the risk of NAFLD in hypothyroidism patients.
conclusionOur systematic review identified results are as following: hypothyroidism was positively associated with the risk of NAFLD. The increased concentration of TSH levels maybe a risk factor that increased incidence of NAFLD. The BMI of NAFLD patients was significantly higher than that of non-NAFLD patients. Old age was significantly associated with the incidence of NAFLD. FT4 was significantly associated with the risk of NAFLD due to its negatively effect while FT3 was not significantly related to the risk of NAFLD. Taken together, the present meta-analysis provides strong evidence that hypothyroidism may play a vital role in the progression and the development of NAFLD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.