ArticlePloS one2021
Prevalence and determinants of anemia among pregnant women in East Africa; A multi-level analysis of recent Demographic and Health Surveys.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nutritional factors for anemia in pregnancy: A systematic review with meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2022Pooled it
- Assessment of Nutritional and Nonnutritional Correlates of Anemia in Pregnancy: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study for Public Health Interventions in the Bono East Region of Ghana.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Machine learning approaches to predict maternal anemia and Identifying associated factors among pregnant women in Sub-Saharan Africa.Journal of public health research · 2026Article
- Factors affecting access to and utilisation of intravenous iron to treat anaemia in pregnancy in Zomba, Malawi: a qualitative study.BMJ global health · 2026Article
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- Dietary related predictors of anemia among pregnant women in Sidama region of Ethiopia.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Magnitude and determinants of iron deficiency anemia among first antenatal care attending pregnant women at Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.PloS one · 2026Article
- Prevalence, risk factors, and birth outcomes of anaemia in pregnancy across Tanzania: A scoping review.Journal of public health research · 2026Review
- Anemia and its associated factors among women of reproductive Age in Zambia: A multilevel mixed-effects analysis.PloS one · 2026Article
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- Trends and factors associated with anemia among women of reproductive age in Mali: analysis of data from 2001 to 2018 Mali demographic and health surveys.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2025Article
- Estimating the impact of maternal anemia on low-birth-weight in Sub-Saharan African countries: propensity score matching analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Magnitude and determinants of anemia in the third trimester among pregnant women in Dodoma: An analytical cross-sectional study.Medicine · 2025Observational
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- Barriers to healthcare access: a multilevel analysis of individual- and community-level factors affecting female youths' access to healthcare services in Senegal.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Compliance with iron-folate supplementation among pregnant women in Southern Ethiopia: a multi-center cross-sectional study.Reproductive health · 2025Article
- Prevalence and associated factors of anemia during pregnancy at a tertiary hospital in Zambia.PloS one · 2025Article
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8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionAnemia during pregnancy is a public health problem that leads to different life-threatening complications and poor pregnancy outcomes. So far, the evidence is scarce on pooled prevalence and determinants of anemia during pregnancy in East Africa for integrated intervention. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and determinants of anemia among pregnant women in eastern Africa using recent Demographic and Health Surveys.
methodSecondary data analysis was conducted using data from recent Demographic and Health Survey datasets from 10 East African countries. A total of 8583 (weighted sample) pregnant women were included in the analysis. The multi-level mixed-effects generalized linear model (Poisson regression with robust error variance) was fitted to identify determinants of anemia. Finally, the adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) with 95% CI and random effects for the multilevel generalized linear mixed-effects model was reported.
resultsIn this study, the overall prevalence of anemia among pregnant women was 41.82% (95% CI: 40.78, 42.87) with a large difference between specific countries which ranged from 23.36% in Rwanda to 57.10% in Tanzania. In the multi-level analysis, teenage pregnant women (aPR = 1.22;95%CI:1.02, 1.40), unmarried women (aPR = 1.14; 95% CI;1.02,1.28), pregnant women who had unimproved toilet facility (aPR = 1.17;95%CI:1.06,1.27), and those women from countries with high illiteracy level (aPR = 1.12;95%CI; 1.07,1.18) had a higher prevalence of anemia during pregnancy.
conclusionAnemia is still a public health problem in East Africa. Therefore, enabling the households to have improved toilet facilities by strengthening the existing health extension program, reducing teenage pregnancy, and improving the community literacy level is vital to reduce the prevalence of anemia during pregnancy in East Africa.
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