Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33904989›Full record

ArticleSurgical endoscopy2021

A learning robot for cognitive camera control in minimally invasive surgery.

Martin Wagner, Andreas Bihlmaier, Hannes Götz Kenngott, Patrick Mietkowski, Paul Maria Scheikl, Sebastian Bodenstedt, Anja Schiepe-Tiska, Josephin Vetter, Felix Nickel, S Speidel and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Surgical endoscopy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  15. Concepts and Trends n Autonomy for Robot-Assisted Surgery.Proceedings of the IEEE. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers · 2022
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  18. Deep homography estimation in dynamic surgical scenes for laparoscopic camera motion extraction.Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering. Imaging & visualization · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Martin Wagner *Department for General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-9831-9110
Andreas Bihlmaier *Health Robotics and Automation Laboratory, Institute for Anthropomatics and Robotics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany.
Hannes Götz KenngottDepartment for General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
Patrick MietkowskiDepartment for General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
Paul Maria ScheiklHealth Robotics and Automation Laboratory, Institute for Anthropomatics and Robotics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany.
Sebastian BodenstedtDepartment for Translational Surgical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases, Partner-Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Anja Schiepe-TiskaCentre for International Student Assessment (ZIB) e.V., TUM School of Education, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Josephin VetterDepartment for General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
Felix NickelDepartment for General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
S SpeidelDepartment for Translational Surgical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases, Partner-Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
H WörnHealth Robotics and Automation Laboratory, Institute for Anthropomatics and Robotics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany.
F Mathis-Ullrich *Health Robotics and Automation Laboratory, Institute for Anthropomatics and Robotics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany.
B P Müller-Stich *Department for General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany. beatpeter.mueller@med.uni-heidelberg.de.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWe demonstrate the first self-learning, context-sensitive, autonomous camera-guiding robot applicable to minimally invasive surgery. The majority of surgical robots nowadays are telemanipulators without autonomous capabilities. Autonomous systems have been developed for laparoscopic camera guidance, however following simple rules and not adapting their behavior to specific tasks, procedures, or surgeons.

methodsThe herein presented methodology allows different robot kinematics to perceive their environment, interpret it according to a knowledge base and perform context-aware actions. For training, twenty operations were conducted with human camera guidance by a single surgeon. Subsequently, we experimentally evaluated the cognitive robotic camera control. A VIKY EP system and a KUKA LWR 4 robot were trained on data from manual camera guidance after completion of the surgeon's learning curve. Second, only data from VIKY EP were used to train the LWR and finally data from training with the LWR were used to re-train the LWR.

resultsThe duration of each operation decreased with the robot's increasing experience from 1704 s ± 244 s to 1406 s ± 112 s, and 1197 s. Camera guidance quality (good/neutral/poor) improved from 38.6/53.4/7.9 to 49.4/46.3/4.1% and 56.2/41.0/2.8%.

conclusionsThe cognitive camera robot improved its performance with experience, laying the foundation for a new generation of cognitive surgical robots that adapt to a surgeon's needs.

Indexed as

LaparoscopyRoboticsCognitionHumansLearning CurveMinimally Invasive Surgical ProceduresArtificial intelligenceCognitive surgical roboticsColorectal surgeryMachine learningSurgical data science

Identifiers

PMID33904989
PMCPMC8346448

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.