Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33904651›Full record

ArticleMolecular systems biology2021

Single-cell analyses reveal SARS-CoV-2 interference with intrinsic immune response in the human gut.

Sergio Triana, Camila Metz-Zumaran, Carlos Ramirez, Carmon Kee, Patricio Doldan, Mohammed Shahraz, Daniel Schraivogel, Andreas R Gschwind, Ashwini K Sharma, Lars M Steinmetz and 4 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular systems biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 78 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
78citing papers in PubMed
6.4field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

78 citing papers in PubMed, 116 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Colonic epithelial regeneration shapes susceptibility tobioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
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  7. Expression ofBiomedical reports · 2025
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  11. Organoids: physiologically relevantJournal of virology · 2025
    Review
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  17. SARS-CoV-2 ORF 3a-mediated currents are inhibited by antiarrhythmic drugs.Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2024
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Interactions of SARS-CoV-2 with Human Target Cells-A Metabolic View.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Review

18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Sergio TrianaStructural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-0370-7821
Camila Metz-ZumaranDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-6981-0728
Carlos RamirezHealth Data Science Unit, Medical Faculty University Heidelberg and BioQuant, Heidelberg, Germany.
Carmon KeeDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Patricio DoldanDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Mohammed ShahrazStructural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany.
Daniel SchraivogelGenome Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany.
Andreas R GschwindDepartment of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Ashwini K SharmaDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-7883-7888
Lars M SteinmetzGenome Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany.
Carl HerrmannHealth Data Science Unit, Medical Faculty University Heidelberg and BioQuant, Heidelberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-4989-4722
Theodore AlexandrovStructural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-9464-6125
Steeve BoulantDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Megan L StaniferDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-5606-1297
Heidelberg University · DEGerman Cancer Research Center · DEEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory · DEEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory · DEStanford University · USUniversity of California San Diego · US

Funding

Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) 01KI20198ABundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) 01KI20239BDAAD 57440921Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) 240245660Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) 272983813Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) 278001972Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) 415089553Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) 416072091ERC consolidator grant 773089
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Exacerbated pro-inflammatory immune response contributes to COVID-19 pathology. However, despite the mounting evidence about SARS-CoV-2 infecting the human gut, little is known about the antiviral programs triggered in this organ. To address this gap, we performed single-cell transcriptomics of SARS-CoV-2-infected intestinal organoids. We identified a subpopulation of enterocytes as the prime target of SARS-CoV-2 and, interestingly, found the lack of positive correlation between susceptibility to infection and the expression of ACE2. Infected cells activated strong pro-inflammatory programs and produced interferon, while expression of interferon-stimulated genes was limited to bystander cells due to SARS-CoV-2 suppressing the autocrine action of interferon. These findings reveal that SARS-CoV-2 curtails the immune response and highlights the gut as a pro-inflammatory reservoir that should be considered to fully understand SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis.

Indexed as

Single-Cell AnalysisCOVID-19Gastrointestinal MicrobiomeHumansIn Situ Hybridization, FluorescenceIntestinesOrganoidsSARS-CoV-2Sequence Analysis, RNAhuman intestinal epithelial cellsinterferonintrinsic immune responseSARS-CoV-2single-cell RNA sequencing

Identifiers

PMID33904651
PMCPMC8077299
OpenAlexW3158087027

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.