Observational studyJournal of the American Heart Association2021
Sex Differences in Carotid Plaque Composition in Patients With Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source.
Observational study in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Extracranial Carotid Plaque Calcification and Cerebrovascular Ischemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Stroke · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Sex-Related Differences in Early In-Hospital Outcome (Technical Success and Complications) of Carotid Artery Stenting and Risk Factors of Carotid Artery Stenosis.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Development and validation of a machine learning model for predicting vulnerable carotid plaques using routine blood biomarkers and derived indicators: insights into sex-related risk patterns.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Article
- A Nationwide Analysis in France on Sex Difference and Outcomes Following Carotid Intervention in Asymptomatic Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Age-dependent sex differences in non-stenotic intracranial plaque of embolic stroke of undetermined source.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Cross-Sectional Validation of a Novel Computed Tomography-Based Carotid Mean Calcium Density Measurement.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Article
- The Attributable Risk of Nonstenotic Cervical Carotid Plaque in Cryptogenic Embolic Stroke.Stroke (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2023Review
- Association Between Spotty Calcification in Nonstenosing Extracranial Carotid Artery Plaque and Ipsilateral Ischemic Stroke.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Article
- Quantitative and qualitative features of carotid and coronary atherosclerotic plaque among men and women.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Review
- Sex Differences in Carotid Plaque Composition in Patients With Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2021Observational
- Explainable Machine-Learning Model to Classify Culprit Calcified Carotid Plaque in Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source.Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of NeuroimagingArticle
- Association of Carotid Plaque Calcification Attenuation With Intraplaque Hemorrhage Volume: 3D-Segmentation Analysis.Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of NeuroimagingArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Background We examined sex differences in nonstenotic carotid plaque composition in patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS). Methods and Results Patients with anterior circulation ischemic stroke imaged with neck computed tomographic angiography who met criteria for ESUS or had atrial fibrillation were identified. Patients with atrial fibrillation were included as a negative control. Semiautomated plaque quantification software analyzed carotid artery bifurcations. Plaque subcomponent (calcium, intraplaque hemorrhage [IPH], and lipid rich necrotic core) volumes were compared by sex and in paired analyses of plaque ipsilateral versus contralateral to stroke. Multivariate linear regressions tested for associations. Ninety-four patients with ESUS (55% women) and 95 patients with atrial fibrillation (47% women) were identified. Men with ESUS showed significantly higher volumes of calcified plaque (63.9 versus 19.6 mm
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.