Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33903857›Full record

ArticleJournal of migration and health2021

Clinical outcomes and risk factors for COVID-19 among migrant populations in high-income countries: A systematic review.

Sally E Hayward, Anna Deal, Cherie Cheng, Alison Crawshaw, Miriam Orcutt, Tushna F Vandrevala, Marie Norredam, Manuel Carballo, Yusuf Ciftci, Ana Requena-Méndez and 13 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of migration and health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 209 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
209citing papers in PubMed, 8 pooled it
45.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

209 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 345 citations in OpenAlex.

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149 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

23 authors at 12 institutions in 7 countries.

Sally E HaywardInstitute for Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, London, UK.
Anna DealInstitute for Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, London, UK.
Cherie ChengInstitute for Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, London, UK.
Alison CrawshawInstitute for Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, London, UK.
Miriam OrcuttInstitute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK.
Tushna F VandrevalaFaculty of Business and Social Sciences, Kingston University, London, UK.
Marie NorredamDanish Research Centre for Migration, Ethnicity and Health, University of Copenhagen; Department of Infectious Diseases at Copenhagen University Hospital, Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Manuel CarballoInternational Centre for Migration, Health, and Development, Geneva, Switzerland.
Yusuf CiftciDoctors of the World UK, London, UK.
Ana Requena-MéndezDepartment of Medicine, Karolinska Insitutet, Solna, Sweden; and Barcelona Insitute for Global Health (ISGlobal), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Christina GreenawayDepartment of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
Jessica CarterInstitute for Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, London, UK.
Felicity KnightsInstitute for Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, London, UK.
Anushka MehrotraInstitute for Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, London, UK.
Farah SeedatPublic Health England, London, UK.
Kayvan BozorgmehrDepartment of Population Medicine and Health and Health Services Research, School of Public Health, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany; Section for Health Equity Studies & Migration, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Apostolos VeizisMedecins Sans Frontieres Greece, Athens, Greece.
Ines Campos-MatosPublic Health England; and UCL Collaborative Centre for Inclusion Health, London, UK.
Fatima WuriePublic Health England; and UCL Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, London, UK.
Martin McKeeFaculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Bernadette KumarNorwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Sally HargreavesInstitute for Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, London, UK.
ESCMID Study Group for Infections in Travellers and Migrants (ESGITM)
St George's, University of London · GBFaculty of Public Health · GBPublic Health England · GBUniversity College London · GBAmager Hospital · DKBielefeld University · DEInternational Organization for Migration · CHKingston University · GBLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine · GBMcGill University · CANorwegian Institute of Public Health · NOUniversitat de Barcelona · ES

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMigrants in high-income countries may be at increased risk of COVID-19 due to their health and social circumstances, yet the extent to which they are affected and their predisposing risk factors are not clearly understood. We did a systematic review to assess clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in migrant populations, indirect health and social impacts, and to determine key risk factors.

methodsWe did a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO CRD42020222135). We searched multiple databases to 18/11/2020 for peer-reviewed and grey literature on migrants (foreign-born) and COVID-19 in 82 high-income countries. We used our international networks to source national datasets and grey literature. Data were extracted on primary outcomes (cases, hospitalisations, deaths) and we evaluated secondary outcomes on indirect health and social impacts and risk factors using narrative synthesis.

results3016 data sources were screened with 158 from 15 countries included in the analysis (35 data sources for primary outcomes: cases [21], hospitalisations [4]; deaths [15]; 123 for secondary outcomes). We found that migrants are at increased risk of infection and are disproportionately represented among COVID-19 cases. Available datasets suggest a similarly disproportionate representation of migrants in reported COVID-19 deaths, as well as increased all-cause mortality in migrants in some countries in 2020. Undocumented migrants, migrant health and care workers, and migrants housed in camps have been especially affected. Migrants experience risk factors including high-risk occupations, overcrowded accommodation, and barriers to healthcare including inadequate information, language barriers, and reduced entitlement.

conclusionsMigrants in high-income countries are at high risk of exposure to, and infection with, COVID-19. These data are of immediate relevance to national public health and policy responses to the pandemic. Robust data on testing uptake and clinical outcomes in migrants, and barriers and facilitators to COVID-19 vaccination, are urgently needed, alongside strengthening engagement with diverse migrant groups.

Identifiers

PMID33903857
PMCPMC8061095
OpenAlexW3156784836

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.