Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33903676›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Analysis and forecasting of global real time RT-PCR primers and probes for SARS-CoV-2.

Gowri Nayar, Edward E Seabolt, Mark Kunitomi, Akshay Agarwal, Kristen L Beck, Vandana Mukherjee, James H Kaufman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Semi-nested RT-PCR enables sensitive and high-throughput detection of SARS-CoV-2 based on melting analysis.Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry · 2022
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Nucleic Acid Testing of SARS-CoV-2.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021
    Review
  12. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Gowri NayarIBM Research, San Jose, 95120, USA. Gowri.Nayar@ibm.com.
Edward E SeaboltIBM Research, San Jose, 95120, USA.
Mark KunitomiIBM Research, San Jose, 95120, USA.
Akshay AgarwalIBM Research, San Jose, 95120, USA.
Kristen L BeckIBM Research, San Jose, 95120, USA.
Vandana MukherjeeIBM Research, San Jose, 95120, USA.
James H KaufmanIBM Research, San Jose, 95120, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Rapid tests for active SARS-CoV-2 infections rely on reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RT-PCR uses reverse transcription of RNA into complementary DNA (cDNA) and amplification of specific DNA (primer and probe) targets using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The technology makes rapid and specific identification of the virus possible based on sequence homology of nucleic acid sequence and is much faster than tissue culture or animal cell models. However the technique can lose sensitivity over time as the virus evolves and the target sequences diverge from the selective primer sequences. Different primer sequences have been adopted in different geographic regions. As we rely on these existing RT-PCR primers to track and manage the spread of the Coronavirus, it is imperative to understand how SARS-CoV-2 mutations, over time and geographically, diverge from existing primers used today. In this study, we analyze the performance of the SARS-CoV-2 primers in use today by measuring the number of mismatches between primer sequence and genome targets over time and spatially. We find that there is a growing number of mismatches, an increase by 2% per month, as well as a high specificity of virus based on geographic location.

Indexed as

DNA PrimersDNA ProbesGenome, ViralMutationReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionSARS-CoV-2DNA PrimersDNA Probes

Identifiers

PMID33903676
PMCPMC8076216

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.