Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33902472›Full record

ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2021

Factors associated with health facility deliveries among mothers living in hospital catchment areas in Rukungiri and Kanungu districts, Uganda.

Richard K Mugambe, Habib Yakubu, Solomon T Wafula, Tonny Ssekamatte, Simon Kasasa, John Bosco Isunju, Abdullah Ali Halage, Jimmy Osuret, Constance Bwire, John C Ssempebwa and 3 more

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Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
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  4. Usage of traditional medicine during pregnancy and the associated factors among Basotho women.African journal of primary health care & family medicine · 2025
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  8. Institutional Delivery in the Philippines: Does a Minimum of 8 Antenatal Care Visits Matter?Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Richard K MugambeDepartment of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Kampala, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda. rmugambe@musph.ac.ug.
Habib YakubuThe Center for Global Safe Water, Sanitation and Hygiene, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd. NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
Solomon T WafulaDepartment of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Kampala, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.
Tonny SsekamatteDepartment of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Kampala, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.
Simon KasasaDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Kampala, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.
John Bosco IsunjuDepartment of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Kampala, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.
Abdullah Ali HalageDepartment of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Kampala, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.
Jimmy OsuretDepartment of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Kampala, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.
Constance BwireDepartment of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Kampala, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.
John C SsempebwaDepartment of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Kampala, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.
Yuke WangThe Center for Global Safe Water, Sanitation and Hygiene, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd. NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
Joanne A McGriffThe Center for Global Safe Water, Sanitation and Hygiene, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd. NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
Christine L MoeThe Center for Global Safe Water, Sanitation and Hygiene, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd. NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHealth facility deliveries are generally associated with improved maternal and child health outcomes. However, in Uganda, little is known about factors that influence use of health facilities for delivery especially in rural areas. In this study, we assessed the factors associated with health facility deliveries among mothers living within the catchment areas of major health facilities in Rukungiri and Kanungu districts, Uganda.

methodsCross-sectional data were collected from 894 randomly-sampled mothers within the catchment of two private hospitals in Rukungiri and Kanungu districts. Data were collected on the place of delivery for the most recent child, mothers' sociodemographic and economic characteristics, and health facility water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) status. Modified Poisson regression was used to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) for the determinants of health facility deliveries as well as factors associated with private versus public utilization of health facilities for childbirth.

resultsThe majority of mothers (90.2%, 806/894) delivered in health facilities. Non-facility deliveries were attributed to faster progression of labour (77.3%, 68/88), lack of transport (31.8%, 28/88), and high cost of hospital delivery (12.5%, 11/88). Being a business-woman [APR = 1.06, 95% CI (1.01-1.11)] and belonging to the highest wealth quintile [APR = 1.09, 95% CI (1.02-1.17)] favoured facility delivery while a higher parity of 3-4 [APR = 0.93, 95% CI (0.88-0.99)] was inversely associated with health facility delivery as compared to parity of 1-2. Factors associated with delivery in a private facility compared to a public facility included availability of highly skilled health workers [APR = 1.15, 95% CI (1.05-1.26)], perceived higher quality of WASH services [APR = 1.11, 95% CI (1.04-1.17)], cost of the delivery [APR = 0.85, 95% CI (0.78-0.92)], and availability of caesarean services [APR = 1.13, 95% CI (1.08-1.19)].

conclusionHealth facility delivery service utilization was high, and associated with engaging in business, belonging to wealthiest quintile and having higher parity. Factors associated with delivery in private facilities included health facility WASH status, cost of services, and availability of skilled workforce and caesarean services.

Indexed as

Birthing CentersDelivery, ObstetricPrivate FacilitiesPublic FacilitiesAdultBirth SettingCross-Sectional StudiesDemographyFemaleHealth Services AccessibilityHumansMaternal Health ServicesPatient Acceptance of Health CarePregnancyRural Health ServicesSocioeconomic FactorsChildbirthHealth facility deliveryMothersPrivate healthcare facilitiesPublic healthcare facilitiesUganda

Identifiers

PMID33902472
PMCPMC8077901

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.