ReviewToxicology2021
Arsenic methylation - Lessons from three decades of research.
Review in Toxicology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Characterization of Carcinogenic and Non-Carcinogenic Metal(loid)s in Water Within a Uranium-Mining-Impacted Region in Northwestern New Mexico, USA.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Heavy Metal Toxicity in Clinical and Environmental Health: Sources, Mechanisms, Diagnostics, and Evidence-Based Management of Mercury, Lead, Cadmium, and Arsenic.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Drinking water arsenic, urinary arsenic biomarkers, and cognitive impairment in the REGARDS study.Environmental research · 2026Article
- Associations of arsenic exposure and folate in maternal leukocyte DNA methylation: a case-control study of mothers with spina-bifida affected children.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2026Article
- Gallic acid lessens kidney injury induced by inorganic arsenic and zinc oxide nanoparticles in rats via controlling electrolyte balance, oxidative stress, and Nrf-2 and HSP-90 expression.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2025Article
- Arsenic binds to nuclear transport factors and disrupts nucleocytoplasmic transport.Journal of cell science · 2025Article
- Review
- Direct binding of arsenicals to nuclear transport factors disrupts nucleocytoplasmic transport.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Arsenic Stress Resistance in the Endophytic FungusJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A review on arsenic contamination in drinking water: sources, health impacts, and remediation approaches.RSC advances · 2025Review
- Differential Selectivity of Human and Mouse ABCC4/Abcc4 for Arsenic Metabolites.Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals · 2024Article
- Recent developments in speciation and determination of arsenic in marine organisms using different analytical techniques. A review.RSC advances · 2024Review
- Arsenic Methyltransferase and Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism in Pregnant Women Exposed to Inorganic Arsenic in Drinking Water in Western Romania.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- A Computational Model of Endogenous Hydrogen Peroxide Metabolism in Hepatocytes, Featuring a Critical Role for GSH.Computational toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2024Article
- Update of the risk assessment of inorganic arsenic in food.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2024Article
- Review
- Mechanisms of genotoxicity and proteotoxicity induced by the metalloids arsenic and antimony.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2023Review
- Mechanisms Associated with Cognitive and Behavioral Impairment Induced by Arsenic Exposure.Cells · 2023Review
- Toxicity, arsenic speciation and characteristics of hyphenated techniques used for arsenic determination in vegetables. A review.RSC advances · 2023Review
- C/EBPβ-TFAM-Mediated NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation Contributes to Arsenic-Induced Rat Kidney Injury.Toxics · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Between 1990 and 2020, our understanding of the significance of arsenic biomethylation changed in remarkable ways. At the beginning of this period, the conversion of inorganic arsenic into mono- and di-methylated metabolites was viewed primarily as a process that altered the kinetic behavior of arsenic. By increasing the rate of clearance of arsenic, the formation of methylated metabolites reduced exposure to this toxin; that is, methylation was detoxification. By 2020, it was clear that at least some of the toxic effects associated with As exposure depended on formation of methylated metabolites containing trivalent arsenic. Because the trivalent oxidation state of arsenic is associated with increased potency as a cytotoxin and clastogen, these findings were consistent with methylation-related changes in the dynamic behavior of arsenic. That is, methylation was activation. Our current understanding of the role of methylation as a modifier of kinetic and dynamic behaviors of arsenic is the product of research at molecular, cellular, organismic, and population levels. This information provides a basis for refining our estimates of risk associated with long term exposure to inorganic arsenic in environmental media, food, and water. This report summarizes the growth of our knowledge of enzymatically catalyzed methylation of arsenic over this period and considers the prospects for new discoveries.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.