ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2021
Genetically Determined Higher TSH Is Associated With a Lower Risk of Diabetes Mellitus in Individuals With Low BMI.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nonlinear Association Between THs, TSH, and HbA1c in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Study.Journal of diabetes · 2026Article
- Genetics of Thyroid Function: Relevance for Biology and Disease Management.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Review
- The ageing thyroid: implications for longevity and patient care.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2024Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
contextThyroid status is hypothesized to be causally related with the risk of diabetes mellitus (DM), but previous results were conflicting possibly because of a complex interaction between thyrotropin (TSH), body mass index (BMI) and DM.
objectiveThis work aims to investigate the causal association between thyroid status with DM and glucose homeostasis and to what extent this association is dependent on BMI.
methodsA mendelian randomization study was conducted of European-ancestry participants from the UK Biobank population. The present study involved 408 895 individuals (mean age 57.4 years [SD 8.0], 45.9% men), of whom 19 773 had DM. Genetic variants for circulatory TSH, free thyroxine (fT4) concentrations and BMI to calculate weighted genetic risk scores. The main outcome measures included self-reported DM-stratified analyses by BMI. Analyses were repeated for nonfasting glucose and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) among individuals without DM.
resultsGenetically determined TSH and fT4 levels were not associated with risk of DM in the total UK Biobank population. However, in analyses stratified on genetically determined BMI, genetically determined higher TSH, and not fT4, was associated with a lower risk for DM only in the low BMI group (odds ratio 0.91; 95% CI, 0.85-0.98 in low BMI; P value for interaction = .06). Similar results were observed for glucose and HbA1c among individuals without DM.
conclusionTSH, but not fT4, is a potential causal risk factor for DM in individuals with genetically determined low BMI highlighting potential protective effects of TSH only in low-risk populations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.