ArticlePloS one2021
Trends in antimicrobial resistance amongst pathogens isolated from blood and cerebrospinal fluid cultures in Pakistan (2011-2015): A retrospective cross-sectional study.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Geographical mapping and temporal trends of Acinetobacter baumannii carbapenem resistance: A comprehensive meta-analysis.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Antibiotic susceptibility pattern and resistance genes in Salmonella strains isolated from cattle.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Longitudinal trends in antibiotic resistance ofPakistan journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- A 12-year surveillance study on distribution and antimicrobial resistance of gram-positive bacteria in Iran.AMB Express · 2025Article
- Progress on the Global Research Agenda for Antimicrobial Resistance in Human Health in Pakistan: Findings and Implications.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Review
- Distribution and Antimicrobial Resistance Analysis of Blood Culture Isolates at a Chinese National Cardiovascular Regional Medical Center: A 7-Year Retrospective Study.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Antibiogram and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns in Bacterial Isolates from Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar.Cureus · 2024Article
- Increasing trends of antibiotic resistance in Uganda: analysis of the national antimicrobial resistance surveillance data, 2018-2021.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of carbapenem resistance and its possible treatment options with focus on clinicalHeliyon · 2024Article
- Strain features of pneumococcal isolates in the pre- and post-PCV10 era in Pakistan.Microbial genomics · 2024Article
- Antimicrobial resistance trends in clinicalAfrican journal of laboratory medicine · 2024Article
- Antibiotic Overprescribing among Neonates and Children Hospitalized with COVID-19 in Pakistan and the Implications.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Estimation, Evaluation and Characterization of Carbapenem Resistance Burden from a Tertiary Care Hospital, Pakistan.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Antibiotics Prescription, Dispensing Practices and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern in Common Pathogens in Nepal: A Narrative Review.Microbiology insights · 2023Review
- The Prevalence ofMicroorganisms · 2022Review
- Screening ofACS omega · 2022Article
- Antimicrobial resistance among GLASS priority pathogens from Pakistan: 2006-2018.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
While antimicrobial resistance (AMR) continues to be a major public health problem in Pakistan, data regarding trends of resistance among pathogenic bacteria remains scarce, with few studies presenting long-term trends in AMR. This study was therefore designed to analyze long-term AMR trends at a national level in Pakistan. We report here results of a comprehensive analysis of resistance, among pathogens isolated from blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), between 2011 and 2015. Susceptibility data was obtained from a local laboratory with collection points all across Pakistan (Chughtai Laboratory). Resistance proportions to most commonly used antimicrobials were calculated for each pathogen over a period of five years. While Acinetobacter species demonstrated highest resistance rates to all tested antimicrobials, a sharp increase in carbapenem resistance was the most noticeable (50%-95%) between 2011-2015. Our results also highlight the presence of third and fourth generation cephalosporins resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi in Pakistan. Interestingly, where rise in AMR was being observed in some major invasive pathogens, decreasing resistance trends were observed in Staphylococcus aureus, against commonly used antimicrobials. Overall pathogens isolated from blood and CSF between 2011-2015, showed an increase in resistance towards commonly used antimicrobials.
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