ArticleThe Lancet. Microbe2021
COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and effectiveness-the elephant (not) in the room.
Article in The Lancet. Microbe, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 108 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
108 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Assessing the Impact of COVID-19 Vaccination Programs on the Reduction of COVID-19 Cases: A Systematic Literature Review.Annals of global health · 2024Pooled it
- The efficacy and effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccines in reducing infection, severity, hospitalization, and mortality: a systematic review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- Efficacy of the adjuvanted subunit protein COVID-19 vaccine, SCB-2019: a phase 2 and 3 multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.Lancet (London, England) · 2022Trial
- Refining the role of behavioural and social sciences in pandemic response post-COVID-19.Nature human behaviour · 2026Review
- Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccine Boosters in Children Across Pandemic and Endemic Periods.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Enhancing COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance Within Scotland Black, African, and Caribbean Communities and Lessons for Future Vaccination Programmes.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Attitudes and acceptance of mRNA-based vaccine for neglected tropical diseases: A multi-country study in Asia.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Lay Understanding of Vaccine Efficacy.Journal of applied research in memory and cognition · 2025Article
- Inhaled Dry Powder of Antiviral Agents: A Promising Approach to Treating Respiratory Viral Pathogens.Viruses · 2025Review
- What Lessons can Be Learned From the Management of the COVID-19 Pandemic?International journal of public health · 2025Review
- Design of novel and highly selective SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitors.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2024Article
- COVID-19: vaccination, therapeutics and a review of the science and public health.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Review
- Who is "anti-science"?Public health in practice (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- Relationship between HLA genetic variations, COVID-19 vaccine antibody response, and risk of breakthrough outcomes.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Review
- Influence of Seasonality and Public-Health Interventions on the COVID-19 Pandemic in Northern Europe.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines: Lessons Learned from the Registrational Trials and Global Vaccination Campaign.Cureus · 2024Review
- Evaluation of Immune Response to Mucosal Immunization with an Oral Probiotic-Based Vaccine in Mice: Potential for Prime-Boost Immunization against SARS-CoV-2.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Cigarette smoking and risk of severe infectious respiratory diseases in UK adults: 12-year follow-up of UK biobank.Journal of public health (Oxford, England) · 2023Article
48 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.